{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T06:00:35Z","timestamp":1790834435404,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,31]],"date-time":"2021-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630368000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Principal component analysis (PCA) is a mathematical model which simplifies data into new, combined variables. Optimal treatment of pediatric congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) remains a challenge and requires evaluation of all biochemical and clinical markers. The aim of this study was to introduce PCA methodology as a tool to optimize management in a cohort of pediatric and adolescent patients with CAH by including adrenal steroid measurements and clinical parameters.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This retrospective, longitudinal cohort of 33 children and adolescents with CAH due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency included 406 follow-up observations. PCAs were applied to serum hormone concentrations and compared to treatment efficacy evaluated by clinical parameters.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We provide and describe the first PCA models with hormone parameters denoted in sex- and age-adjusted standard deviation (SD) scores to comprehensibly describe the combined \u2018endocrine profiles\u2019 of patients with classical and non-classical CAH, respectively. Endocrine profile scores were predictive markers of treatment efficacy for classical (AUC=92%; accuracy 95%; p=1.8e-06) and non-classical CAH (AUC=80%; accuracy 91%; p=0.004). A combined PCA demonstrated clustering of patients with classical and non-classical CAH by serum 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) and dehydroepiandrosterone-sulphate (DHEAS) concentrations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>As an example of the possibilities of PCA, endocrine profiles were successfully able to distinguish between patients with CAH according to treatment efficacy and to elucidate biochemical differences between classical and non-classical CAH.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.652888","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,3]],"date-time":"2021-09-03T22:20:04Z","timestamp":1630707604000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["The Application of Principal Component Analysis on Clinical and Biochemical Parameters Exemplified in Children With Congenital Adrenal 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