{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T12:38:55Z","timestamp":1780576735605,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,23]],"date-time":"2021-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624406400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Fascin-1 (FSCN1) is an actin-bundling protein associated with an invasive and aggressive phenotype of several solid carcinomas, as it is involved in cell cytoskeleton rearrangement and filopodia formation. Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare endocrine malignancy characterized by poor prognosis, particularly when metastatic at diagnosis. Radical resection is the only therapeutic option for ACC patients in addition to the adjuvant treatment with mitotane. Novel specific biomarkers suggestive of tumor progression to refine diagnosis and prognosis of patients with advanced ACC are urgently needed. ACC intratumoral FSCN1 has previously been suggested as a valid prognostic marker. In the present study, we identified FSCN1 in the bloodstream of a small cohort of ACC patients (n = 27), through a specific ELISA assay for human FSCN1. FSCN1 can be detected in the serum, and its circulating levels were evaluated in pre-surgery samples, which resulted to be significantly higher in ACC patients from stage I\/II and stage III\/IV compared with nontumoral healthy controls (HC, n = 4, FI: 5.5 \u00b1 0.8, P&amp;lt;0.001, and 8.0 \u00b1 0.5, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.001 for stage I\/II and stage III\/IV group <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> HC, respectively). In particular, FSCN1 levels were significantly higher in advanced stage versus stage I\/II (22.8 \u00b1 1.1 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 15.8 \u00b1 1.8 ng\/ml, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.005, respectively). Interestingly, circulating levels of pre-surgical FSCN1 can significantly predict tumor progression\/recurrence (Log rank = 0.013), but not the overall survival (Log rank=0.317), in patients stratified in high\/low PreS FSCN1. In conclusion, these findings\u2014though very preliminary\u2014suggest that circulating FSCN1 may represent a new minimally-invasive prognostic marker in advanced ACC, in particular when measured before surgery enables histological diagnosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.698862","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,23]],"date-time":"2021-06-23T07:23:53Z","timestamp":1624433033000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Circulating Fascin 1 as a Promising Prognostic Marker in Adrenocortical Cancer"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Giulia","family":"Cantini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Fei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Letizia","family":"Canu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppina","family":"De Filpo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tonino","family":"Ercolino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriella","family":"Nesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Mannelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michaela","family":"Luconi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1097\/CCO.0000000000000695","article-title":"Adrenocortical Carcinoma: Current Treatment Options","volume":"33","author":"De Filpo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr Opin Oncol"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1850","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8111850","article-title":"Mitotane Concentrations Influence the Risk of Recurrence in Adrenocortical Carcinoma Patients on Adjuvant Treatment","volume":"8","author":"Puglisi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omto.2020.12.014","article-title":"Fascin Actin-Bundling Protein 1 in Human Cancer: Promising Biomarker or Therapeutic Target","volume":"20","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol Ther Oncolytics"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-11-52","article-title":"Association of Fascin-1 With Mortality, Disease Progression and Metastasis in Carcinomas: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"11","author":"Tan","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1002\/path.2894","article-title":"The Roles of Fascins in Health and Disease","volume":"224","author":"Hashimoto","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.3299","article-title":"2d-DIGE Proteomic Analysis Identifies New Potential Therapeutic Targets for Adrenocortical Carcinoma","volume":"6","author":"Poli","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2018-01717","article-title":"Fascin-1 Is a Novel Prognostic Biomarker Associated With Tumor Invasiveness in Adrenocortical Carcinoma","volume":"104","author":"Poli","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.19118","article-title":"New Insights in the Clinical and Translational Relevance of miR483-5p in Adrenocortical Cancer","volume":"8","author":"Salvianti","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"G1","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-18-0608","article-title":"European Society of Endocrinology Clinical Practice Guidelines on the Management of Adrenocortical Carcinoma in Adults, in Collaboration With the European Network for the Study of Adrenal Tumors","volume":"179","author":"Fassnacht","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-017-0775-y","article-title":"Adrenocortical Carcinoma: The Dawn of a New Era of Genomic and Molecular Biology Analysis","volume":"41","author":"Armignacco","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-019-0221-7","article-title":"Adrenocortical Carcinoma - 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