{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T23:23:24Z","timestamp":1770333804650,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,14]],"date-time":"2021-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634169600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare the clinical efficacy of fondaparinux and LMWH and provide clinical evidence for the effectiveness of fondaparinux in the treatment of recurrent spontaneous abortion caused by PTS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective analysis was conducted for 120 patients diagnosed with a recurrent spontaneous abortion caused by PTS in Qingdao Jinhua Women\u2019s Hospital from March 2019 to April 2020. The patients were divided into two groups: 68 cases in the control group, treated with LMWH, 52 cases in the observational group, treated with fondaparinux. The pregnancy outcomes and adverse reactions between the two groups of recurrent miscarriage patients were compared.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>No significant difference was detected in the general data between the two groups of patients before treatment (P&amp;gt;0.05). In the observational group, the R value was increased, and the \u03b1 and MA values were decreased after three months of treatment compared to those before treatment (P<jats:italic>&amp;lt;<\/jats:italic>0.05). In the control group, the R value was increased, and the MA value was decreased after three months of treatment compared to those before treatment (P&amp;lt;0.05). After treatment, no significant difference was observed in the pregnancy outcome between the two groups (P&amp;gt;0.05). The total adverse reaction rate of the fondaparinux group was lower than that of the LMWH group (P&amp;lt;0.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, no significant difference was detected in the pregnancy outcome between fondaparinux and LMWH in the treatment of recurrent spontaneous abortion caused by PTS, but fondaparinux had a low occurrence rate of adverse reactions and high safety.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.717630","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,14]],"date-time":"2021-10-14T07:38:21Z","timestamp":1634197101000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Retrospective Analysis of Fondaparinux and Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin in the Treatment of Women With Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Long","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuqin","family":"Bi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jinhua","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lijuan","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yinghui","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048","article-title":"Evaluation and Treatment of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: A Committee Opinion","volume":"98","year":"2012","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/25785826.2021.1969116","article-title":"Anticoagulant Therapy for Recurrent Miscarriage","volume":"33","author":"Wu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chin J Pract Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13194\/j.issn.1673-842x.2020.07.028","article-title":"Advances on Etiology and Treatment Progress of Recurrent Miscarriage","volume":"22","author":"Ma","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Liaoning Univ Tradit Chin Med"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107602960000600301","article-title":"Recurrent Miscarriage Syndrome Due to Blood Coagulation Protein\/Platelet Defects: Prevalence, Treatment and Outcome Results","volume":"6","author":"Bick","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Appl Thromb Hemost"},{"key":"B5","article-title":"Prethrombotic State and Related Issues of Anticoagulant Therapy for Pregnancy Disease","volume":"30","author":"Gan","year":"2015","journal-title":"China Maternal Child Health"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2015-12-626739","article-title":"A Meta-Analysis of Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin to Prevent Pregnancy Loss in Women With Inherited Hrombophilia","volume":"127","author":"Skeith","year":"2016","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0044-100919","article-title":"Maternal Thrombophilia and Recurrent Miscarriage \u2013 Is There Evidence That Heparin Is Indicated as Prophylaxis Against Recurrence","volume":"78","author":"Stefanski","year":"2018","journal-title":"Geburtshilfe  Frauenheilkd"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1538-7836.2003.t01-7-00115.x","article-title":"High Rate of Skin Complications Due to Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins in Pregnant Women","volume":"1","author":"Bank","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Thromb Haemostasis"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2006.03.008","article-title":"Treatment of a Woman With Lupus and Thromboembolism and Cutaneous Intolerance to Heparins Using Fondaparinux During Pregnancy","volume":"119","author":"Harenberg","year":"2007","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-03-009548","article-title":"Fondaparinux Is a Safe Alternative in Case of Heparin Intolerance During Pregnancy","volume":"108","author":"Mazzolai","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mbc.0000214710.19116.40","article-title":"Fondaparinux as Anticoagulant in a Pregnant Woman With Heparin Allergy","volume":"17","author":"Wijesiriwardana","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood Coagulation Fibrinolysis"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.issn.0529-567X.2016.01.002","article-title":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Branch of Chinese Medical Association. Expert Consensus on Diagnosis and Treatment of Recurrent Miscarriage","volume":"1","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chin J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.19526\/j.cnki.1005-8915.20200117","article-title":"Progress in Immune Mechanism and Drug Treatment of Recurrent Miscarriage","volume":"27","author":"Xue","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharm Biotechnol"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.19577\/j.cnki.issn10074406.2015.06.016","article-title":"Advances in Drug Treatment of Recurrent Miscarriage","volume":"2406","author":"Bao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chin J Clin Pharm"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.19613\/j.cnki.1671-3141.2019.58.021","article-title":"Etiological Analysis and New Treatment Progress of Recurrent Miscarriage","volume":"19","author":"Su","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dig World Latest Med Inf"},{"key":"B16","article-title":"Research Progress of Low Molecular Weight Heparin in Obstetrics","volume":"3","author":"Deng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Famous Doct"},{"key":"B17","first-page":"1255","article-title":"Delayed Hypersensitivity to Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin (LMWH) in Pregnancy","volume":"97","author":"Schapkaitz","year":"2007","journal-title":"South Afr Med J  Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif  Geneeskunde"},{"key":"B18","article-title":"The Effect of Danhong Injection Combined With Fondaparinux on Immunological Indexes and Coagulation-Fibrinolysis System in Patients With Pulmonary Embolism","volume":"43","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Drug Eval Res"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2011.10.037","article-title":"Fondaparinux - Data on Efficacy and Safety in Special Situations","volume":"129","author":"Nagler","year":"2012","journal-title":"Thromb Res: Int J Vasc Obstruction Hemorrhage Hemostasis"},{"key":"B20","first-page":"88","article-title":"Application of Nadroparin Calcium and Fondaparinux Sodium in the Prevention of Postoperative Deep Vein Thrombosis in Patients With Spinal Fractures","volume":"27","author":"Tong","year":"2020","journal-title":"China Contemp Med"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.11-2300","article-title":"VTE, Thrombophilia, Antithrombotic Therapy, and Pregnancy: Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis, 9th Ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines","author":"Shannon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2009.00733.x","article-title":"ORIGINAL ARTICLE: A Retrospective Analysis of Fondaparinux Versus Enoxaparin Treatment in Women With Infertility or Pregnancy Loss","volume":"62","author":"Winger","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2011.04553.x","article-title":"Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin Added to Aspirin in the Prevention of Recurrent Early-Onset Pre-Eclampsia in Women With Inheritable Thrombophilia: The FRUIT-RCT","volume":"10","author":"de Vries","year":"2012","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1186\/1546-0096-12-47","article-title":"Bonestatus of Children Born From Mothers With Autoimmune Diseases Treated During Pregnancy With Prednisone and\/or Lowmol Ecular Weight Hepari N","volume":"12","author":"Pagnini","year":"2014","journal-title":"R\u00a0Heumatol Online J"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.13147","article-title":"Thromboembolism and In Vitro Fert Ilization a Systematic Review","volume":"96","author":"Sennstrom","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Oynecol Scand"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/S0049-3848(17)30071-3","article-title":"LMWH in IVF-Biomarkers and Benefits","author":"Fishel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1613092","article-title":"Absence of Placental Transfer of Pentasaccharide (Fondaparinux, Arixtra) in the Dually Perfused Human Cotyledon In Vitro","volume":"87","author":"Lagrange","year":"2002","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200404293501825","article-title":"Minor Transplacental Passage of Fondaparinux In Vivo","volume":"350","author":"Dempfle","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2006.03.008","article-title":"Treatment of a Woman With Lupus and Thromboembolism and Cutaneous Intolerance to Heparins Using Fondaparinux During Pregnancy","volume":"119","author":"Harenberg","year":"2007","journal-title":"Thromb Res"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fendo.2021.717630\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,14]],"date-time":"2021-10-14T07:38:36Z","timestamp":1634197116000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fendo.2021.717630\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,14]]},"references-count":29,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fendo.2021.717630"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2021.717630","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-2392"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-2392","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,14]]},"article-number":"717630"}}