{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T12:39:40Z","timestamp":1790512780893,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":139,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,6]],"date-time":"2021-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630886400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012659","name":"Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81673671"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81673671"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>GLP-1 is derived from intestinal L cells, which takes effect through binding to GLP-1R and is inactivated by the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4). Since its discovery, GLP-1 has emerged as an incretin hormone for its facilitation in insulin release and reduction of insulin resistance (IR). However, GLP-1 possesses broader pharmacological effects including anti-inflammation, neuro-protection, regulating blood pressure (BP), and reducing lipotoxicity. These effects are interconnected to the physiological and pathological processes of Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD), hypertension, and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Currently, the underlying mechanism of these effects is still not fully illustrated and a better understanding of them may help identify promising therapeutic targets of AD, hypertension, and NASH. Therefore, we focus on the biological characteristics of GLP-1, render an overview of the mechanism of GLP-1 effects in diseases, and investigate the potential of GLP-1 analogues for the treatment of related diseases in this review.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.721198","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,6]],"date-time":"2021-09-06T07:32:46Z","timestamp":1630913566000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["GLP-1 and Underlying Beneficial Actions in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease, Hypertension, and NASH"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Qiu-Xuan","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue-Xin","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo-Ya","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rong-xuan","family":"Hua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong-Wei","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing-Dong","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.79.2.345","article-title":"Pancreatic Preproglucagon cDNA Contains Two Glucagon-Related Coding Sequences Arranged in Tandem","volume":"79","author":"Lund","year":"1982","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)69015-0","article-title":"Pancreatic Pre-Proglucagons Are Encoded by Two Separate mRNAs","volume":"256","author":"Lund","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)32858-8","article-title":"Anglerfish Islet Pre-Proglucagon II. Nucleotide and Corresponding Amino Acid Sequence of the cDNA","volume":"258","author":"Lund","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/302716a0","article-title":"Hamster Preproglucagon Contains the Sequence of Glucagon and Two Related Peptides","volume":"302","author":"Bell","year":"1983","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)89859-3","article-title":"Glucagon Gene Sequence. Four of Six Exons Encode Separate Functional Domains of Rat Pre-Proglucagon","volume":"259","author":"Heinrich","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/304368a0","article-title":"Exon Duplication and Divergence in the Human Preproglucagon Gene","volume":"304","author":"Bell","year":"1983","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(87)81430-8","article-title":"Truncated Glucagon-Like Peptide I, An Insulin-Releasing Hormone From the Distal Gut","volume":"211","author":"Holst","year":"1987","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci112855","article-title":"Insulinotropin: Glucagon-Like Peptide I (7-37) Co-Encoded in the Glucagon Gene Is a Potent Stimulator of Insulin Release in the Perfused Rat Pancreas","volume":"79","author":"Mojsov","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.84.10.3434","article-title":"Glucagon-Like Peptide I Stimulates Insulin Gene Expression and Increases Cyclic AMP Levels in a Rat Islet Cell Line","volume":"84","author":"Drucker","year":"1987","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(87)91194-9","article-title":"Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 7-36: A Physiological Incretin in Man","volume":"2","author":"Kreymann","year":"1987","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.300.3.958","article-title":"A Novel Neurotrophic Property of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1: A Promoter of Nerve Growth Factor-Mediated Differentiation in PC12 Cells","volume":"300","author":"Perry","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Pharmacol And Exp Ther"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17219\/acem\/121007","article-title":"The Role of GLP-1\/GIP Receptor Agonists in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"29","author":"Yu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv Clin Exp Med"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/joe-13-0221","article-title":"Central Effects of GLP-1: New Opportunities for Treatments of Neurodegenerative Diseases","volume":"221","author":"H\u00f6lscher","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.regpep.2003.10.025","article-title":"Effects of Intracerebroventricularly Injected Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 on Cardiovascular Parameters; Role of Central Cholinergic System and Vasopressin","volume":"118","author":"Isbil-Buyukcoskun","year":"2004","journal-title":"Regul Peptides"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2009.01.003","article-title":"Exendin-4 Has an Anti-Hypertensive Effect in Salt-Sensitive Mice Model","volume":"380","author":"Hirata","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circresaha.114.301958","article-title":"Cardiovascular Actions of Incretin-Based Therapies","volume":"114","author":"Ussher","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-018-0104-9","article-title":"Mechanisms of NAFLD Development and Therapeutic Strategies","volume":"24","author":"Friedman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.13302","article-title":"Therapies in non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH)","author":"Oseini","year":"2017","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-019-1200-8","article-title":"Diabetes Drugs for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review","volume":"8","author":"Blazina","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0021-9258(18)51561-1","article-title":"Complete Sequences of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 From Human and Pig Small Intestine","volume":"264","author":"Orskov","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.25.15391","article-title":"Neuroendocrine-Specific Expression of the Human Prohormone Convertase 1 Gene. Hormonal Regulation of Transcription Through Distinct cAMP Response Elements","volume":"270","author":"Jansen","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2007.02.043","article-title":"Characterization of Brainstem Preproglucagon Projections to the Paraventricular and Dorsomedial Hypothalamic Nuclei","volume":"1149","author":"Vrang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.44.26488","article-title":"Differential Processing of Proglucagon by the Subtilisin-Like Prohormone Convertases PC2 and PC3 to Generate Either Glucagon or Glucagon-Like Peptide","volume":"270","author":"Rouill\u00e9","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)67324-7","article-title":"Preproglucagon Gene Expression in Pancreas and Intestine Diversifies at the Level of Post-Translational Processing","volume":"261","author":"Mojsov","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.1999.277.4.G829","article-title":"Divergent Regulation of Human and Rat Proglucagon Gene Promoters In Vivo","volume":"277","author":"Nian","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-004-1380-0","article-title":"Protein Hydrolysates Stimulate Proglucagon Gene Transcription in Intestinal Endocrine Cells via Two Elements Related to Cyclic AMP Response Element","volume":"47","author":"Gevrey","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006676-199007000-00018","article-title":"Glucagon and the Glucagon-Like Peptides","volume":"5","author":"Drucker","year":"1990","journal-title":"Pancreas"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1007\/bf00577838","article-title":"A New Dipeptide Naphthylamidase Hydrolyzing Glycyl-Prolyl-Beta-Naphthylamide","volume":"7","author":"Hopsu-Havu","year":"1966","journal-title":"Histochem Histochem Histochim"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.140.11.7143","article-title":"Glucagon-Like Peptide-1-(7-36)Amide Is Transformed to Glucagon-Like Peptide-1-(9-36)Amide by Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV in the Capillaries Supplying the L Cells of the Porcine Intestine","volume":"140","author":"Hansen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-826160","article-title":"Circulation and Degradation of GIP and GLP-1","volume":"36","author":"Deacon","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hormone Metab Res"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.80.3.7883856","article-title":"Degradation of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 by Human Plasma In Vitro Yields an N-Terminally Truncated Peptide That is a Major Endogenous Metabolite In Vivo","volume":"80","author":"Deacon","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0167-5699(99)01486-3","article-title":"CD26, Let it Cut or Cut it Down","volume":"20","author":"De Meester","year":"1999","journal-title":"Immunol Today"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.53.3.654","article-title":"Secretion, Degradation, and Elimination of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 and Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide in Patients With Chronic Renal Insufficiency and Healthy Control Subjects","volume":"53","author":"Meier","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.1996.271.3.E458","article-title":"Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Undergoes Differential Tissue-Specific Metabolism in the Anesthetized Pig","volume":"271","author":"Deacon","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/bf00495663","article-title":"Studies on Dipeptidyl(Amino)Peptidase IV (Glycyl-Proline Naphthylamidase)","volume":"59","author":"Lojda","year":"1979","journal-title":"II Blood Vessels Histochem"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/s0167-0115(99)00089-0","article-title":"Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV (CD26)-Role in the Inactivation of Regulatory Peptides","volume":"85","author":"Mentlein","year":"1999","journal-title":"Regul Peptides"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc07-0228","article-title":"Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibition and the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes: Preclinical Biology and Mechanisms of Action","volume":"30","author":"Drucker","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.47.5.764","article-title":"Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV Inhibition Potentiates the Insulinotropic Effect of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 in the Anesthetized Pig","volume":"47","author":"Deacon","year":"1998","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0026-0495(99)90090-2","article-title":"Improved Glucose Tolerance in Rats Treated With the Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV (CD26) Inhibitor Ile-Thiazolidide","volume":"48","author":"Pauly","year":"1999","journal-title":"Metabol-Clin Exp"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature22394","article-title":"Cryo-EM Structure of the Activated GLP-1 Receptor in Complex With a G Protein","volume":"546","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-009-0395-y","article-title":"How Reliable Are G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Antibodies","volume":"379","author":"Michel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1369\/jhc.2008.952101","article-title":"Lack of Specificity of Commercially Available Antisera: Better Specifications Needed","volume":"56","author":"Pradidarcheep","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Histochem Cytochem"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2013-1934","article-title":"GLP-1 Receptor Localization in Monkey and Human Tissue: Novel Distribution Revealed With Extensively Validated Monoclonal Antibody","volume":"155","author":"Pyke","year":"2014","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2012-1937","article-title":"GLP-1 Receptor Activation Indirectly Reduces Hepatic Lipid Accumulation But Does Not Attenuate Development of Atherosclerosis in Diabetic Male ApoE-\/- Mice","volume":"154","author":"Panjwani","year":"2013","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2012.00141","article-title":"Structural and Molecular Conservation of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 and its Receptor Confers Selective Ligand-Receptor Interaction","volume":"3","author":"Moon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(94)01430-9","article-title":"Tissue-Specific Expression of the Human Receptor for Glucagon-Like Peptide-I: Brain, Heart and Pancreatic Forms Have the Same Deduced Amino Acid Sequences","volume":"358","author":"Wei","year":"1995","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000478872","article-title":"GLP-1\/GLP-1r Signaling in Regulation of Adipocyte Differentiation and Lipogenesis","volume":"42","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Physiol Biochem"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.50.8.1844","article-title":"Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Feature of the Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"50","author":"Marchesini","year":"2001","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2015.08.038","article-title":"Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Decreases Lipotoxicity in non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis","volume":"64","author":"Armstrong","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.310342","article-title":"Regulation of Adipocyte Formation by GLP-1\/GLP-1R Signaling","volume":"287","author":"Challa","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2014-1675","article-title":"Expression and Distribution of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor mRNA, Protein and Binding in the Male Nonhuman Primate (Macaca Mulatta) Brain","volume":"156","author":"Heppner","year":"2015","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2004.02914.x","article-title":"The Expression of GLP-1 Receptor mRNA and Protein Allows the Effect of GLP-1 on Glucose Metabolism in the Human Hypothalamus and Brainstem","volume":"92","author":"Alvarez","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1038\/379069a0","article-title":"A Role for Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 in the Central Regulation of Feeding","volume":"379","author":"Turton","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.2212-10.2011","article-title":"Hyperphagia and Increased Fat Accumulation in Two Models of Chronic CNS Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Loss of Function","volume":"31","author":"Barrera","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci72434","article-title":"Neuronal GLP-1R Mediates Liraglutide\u2019s Anorectic But Not Glucose-Lowering Effect","volume":"124","author":"Sisley","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2007-1743","article-title":"Caudal Brainstem Processing is Sufficient for Behavioral, Sympathetic, and Parasympathetic Responses Driven by Peripheral and Hindbrain Glucagon-Like-Peptide-1 Receptor Stimulation","volume":"149","author":"Hayes","year":"2008","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2011.02.001","article-title":"Intracellular Signals Mediating the Food Intake-Suppressive Effects of Hindbrain Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Activation","volume":"13","author":"Hayes","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci990","article-title":"Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Promotes Satiety and Suppresses Energy Intake in Humans","volume":"101","author":"Flint","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2006.05.048","article-title":"Gastrointestinal Satiety Signals in Humans-Physiologic Roles for GLP-1 and PYY","volume":"89","author":"Beglinger","year":"2006","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00035.2013","article-title":"The Effect of Exogenous GLP-1 on Food Intake is Lost in Male Truncally Vagotomized Subjects With Pyloroplasty","volume":"304","author":"Plamboeck","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2013.149","article-title":"Tolerability of Nausea and Vomiting and Associations With Weight Loss in a Randomized Trial of Liraglutide in Obese, non-Diabetic Adults","author":"Lean","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Obes"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12932","article-title":"Effects of Once-Weekly Semaglutide on Appetite, Energy Intake, Control of Eating, Food Preference and Body Weight in Subjects With Obesity","volume":"19","author":"Blundell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature19323","article-title":"The Antibody Aducanumab Reduces A\u03b2 Plaques in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"537","author":"Sevigny","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1474-4422(19)30480-6","article-title":"A Resurrection of Aducanumab for Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"19","author":"Schneider","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/nmt-2018-0004","article-title":"Role of Epigenetics in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Pathogenesis","volume":"8","author":"Stoccoro","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurodegen Dis Manage"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.12404","article-title":"DPP-4 Inhibitor Linagliptin Attenuates A\u03b2-Induced Cytotoxicity Through Activation of AMPK in Neuronal Cells","volume":"21","author":"Kornelius","year":"2015","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci Ther"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2741\/482","article-title":"Therapeutic Targets of Brain Insulin Resistance in Sporadic Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"4","author":"de la Monte","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front Biosci"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2013.12.012","article-title":"Brain Metabolic Dysfunction at the Core of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"88","author":"de la Monte","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncpneuro0124","article-title":"Therapy Insight: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and the Risk of Late-Onset Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"2","author":"Haan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Clin Pract Neurol"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2010.225","article-title":"Insulin Resistance and Alzheimer-Like Reductions in Regional Cerebral Glucose Metabolism for Cognitively Normal Adults With Prediabetes or Early Type 2 Diabetes","volume":"68","author":"Baker","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2016.04.052","article-title":"Subcutaneous Administration of Liraglutide Ameliorates Learning and Memory Impairment by Modulating Tau Hyperphosphorylation via the Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3\u03b2 Pathway in an Amyloid \u03b2 Protein Induced Alzheimer Disease Mouse Model","volume":"783","author":"Qi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2202-13-33","article-title":"Drugs Developed to Treat Diabetes, Liraglutide and Lixisenatide, Cross the Blood Brain Barrier and Enhance Neurogenesis","volume":"13","author":"Hunter","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Neurosci"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.005","article-title":"Liraglutide can Reverse Memory Impairment, Synaptic Loss and Reduce Plaque Load in Aged APP\/PS1 Mice, a Model of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","author":"McClean","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0529-11.2011","article-title":"The Diabetes Drug Liraglutide Prevents Degenerative Processes in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"31","author":"McClean","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm919","article-title":"Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Is Involved in Learning and Neuroprotection","volume":"9","author":"During","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2016.00108","article-title":"In Alzheimer\u2019s Disease, 6-Month Treatment With GLP-1 Analog Prevents Decline of Brain Glucose Metabolism: Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Clinical Trial","volume":"8","author":"Gejl","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.04.008","article-title":"Saxagliptin: A Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor Ameliorates Streptozotocin Induced Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"72","author":"Kosaraju","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2009.12.004","article-title":"Long-Term Inhibition of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 in Alzheimer\u2019s Prone Mice","volume":"45","author":"D\u2019Amico","year":"2010","journal-title":"Exp Gerontol"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e01505","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.1505","article-title":"The Novel GLP-1\/GIP Analogue DA5-CH Reduces Tau Phosphorylation and Normalizes Theta Rhythm in the Icv. STZ Rat Model of AD","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Behav"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1002\/path.5056","article-title":"The Diabetes Drug Liraglutide Reverses Cognitive Impairment in Mice and Attenuates Insulin Receptor and Synaptic Pathology in a non-Human Primate Model of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"245","author":"Batista","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2019.100936","article-title":"Diabetes Drugs in the Fight Against Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"54","author":"Boccardi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.12088","article-title":"DPP4-Inhibitor Improves Neuronal Insulin Receptor Function, Brain Mitochondrial Function and Cognitive Function in Rats With Insulin Resistance Induced by High-Fat Diet Consumption","volume":"37","author":"Pipatpiboon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-016-0125-7","article-title":"Linagliptin, a Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor, Mitigates Cognitive Deficits and Pathology in the 3xtg-AD Mouse Model of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"54","author":"Kosaraju","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.4172\/2161-0460.1000128","article-title":"CSF and Brain Indices of Insulin Resistance, Oxidative Stress and Neuro-Inflammation in Early Versus Late Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"3","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Alzheimer\u2019s Dis Parkinsonism"},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2017.10.005","article-title":"Inflammation and Gut-Brain Axis Link Obesity to Cognitive Dysfunction: Plausible Pharmacological Interventions","volume":"37","author":"Solas","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pharmacol"},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/164_2015_7","article-title":"Current and Emerging Treatment Options in Diabetes Care","volume":"233","author":"Clemmensen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Handb Exp Pharmacol"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/1744666x.2013.848793","article-title":"The Intricate Association Between Gut Microbiota and Development of Type 1, Type 2 and Type 3 Diabetes","volume":"9","author":"Bekkering","year":"2013","journal-title":"Expert Rev Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-018-9155-6","article-title":"Engineered Commensal Bacteria Prevent Systemic Inflammation-Induced Memory Impairment and Amyloidogenesis via Producing GLP-1","volume":"102","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Appl Microbiol Biotechnol"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1863","article-title":"The Role of Pattern-Recognition Receptors in Innate Immunity: Update on Toll-Like Receptors","volume":"11","author":"Kawai","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2008.10.005","article-title":"Evidence for a Cytokine Model of Cognitive Function","volume":"33","author":"McAfoose","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3128","article-title":"GLP-1 Receptor Activation and Epac2 Link Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Secretion to Control of Blood Pressure","volume":"19","author":"Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1612917","article-title":"Effects of Once-Weekly Exenatide on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes","volume":"377","author":"Holman","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-200306000-00012","article-title":"Antihypertensive Effect of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 in Dahl Salt-Sensitive Rats","volume":"21","author":"Yu","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Hypertension"},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12986","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-49364-x","article-title":"Central Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Signaling via Brainstem Catecholamine Neurons Counteracts Hypertension in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats","volume":"9","author":"Katsurada","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/hypertensionaha.120.14868","article-title":"Endogenous Activation of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Contributes to Blood Pressure Control: Role of Proximal Tubule Na+\/H+ Exchanger Isoform 3, Renal Angiotensin II, and Insulin Sensitivity","volume":"76","author":"Martins","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00153.2008","article-title":"Effects of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1, Yohimbine, and Nitrergic Modulation on Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Activity in Humans","volume":"295","author":"Bharucha","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1509225","article-title":"Lixisenatide in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Acute Coronary Syndrome","volume":"373","author":"Pfeffer","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(18)32261-x","article-title":"Albiglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease (Harmony Outcomes): A Double-Blind, Randomised Placebo-Controlled Trial","volume":"392","author":"Hernandez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet (Lond Engl)"},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0067578","article-title":"Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Secretory Function as an Independent Determinant of Blood Pressure: Analysis in the Tanno-Sobetsu Study","volume":"8","author":"Yoshihara","year":"2013","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00394.2015","article-title":"The Physiological Role of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 in the Regulation of Renal Function","volume":"310","author":"Farah","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00064.2012","article-title":"Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Stimulation Increases GFR and Suppresses Proximal Reabsorption in the Rat","volume":"304","author":"Thomson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00259.2012","article-title":"Natriuretic Effect by Exendin-4, But Not the DPP-4 Inhibitor Alogliptin, is Mediated via the GLP-1 Receptor and Preserved in Obese Type 2 Diabetic Mice","volume":"303","author":"Rieg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db08-1193","article-title":"GLP-1R Agonist Liraglutide Activates Cytoprotective Pathways and Improves Outcomes After Experimental Myocardial Infarction in Mice","volume":"58","author":"Noyan-Ashraf","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00429.2014","article-title":"Renal Extraction and Acute Effects of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 on Central and Renal Hemodynamics in Healthy Men","volume":"308","author":"Asmar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2009-1197","article-title":"Glucagon-Like Peptide (GLP)-1(9-36)Amide-Mediated Cytoprotection is Blocked by Exendin(9-39) Yet Does Not Require the Known GLP-1 Receptor","volume":"151","author":"Ban","year":"2010","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00024.2010","article-title":"Myocardial AKT: The Omnipresent Nexus","volume":"91","author":"Sussman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/hh1701.095716","article-title":"Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Increases cAMP But Fails to Augment Contraction in Adult Rat Cardiac Myocytes","volume":"89","author":"Vila Petroff","year":"2001","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.106.100982","article-title":"Direct Effects of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 on Myocardial Contractility and Glucose Uptake in Normal and Postischemic Isolated Rat Hearts","volume":"317","author":"Zhao","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.107.739938","article-title":"Cardioprotective and Vasodilatory Actions of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor are Mediated Through Both Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor-Dependent and -Independent Pathways","volume":"117","author":"Ban","year":"2008","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2003-0007","article-title":"Cardiac Function in Mice Lacking the Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor","volume":"144","author":"Gros","year":"2003","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2014.04.009","article-title":"Inactivation of the Cardiomyocyte Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor (GLP-1R) Unmasks Cardiomyocyte-Independent GLP-1R-Mediated Cardioprotection","volume":"3","author":"Ussher","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol Metab"},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-009-1472-y","article-title":"Liraglutide vs Insulin Glargine and Placebo in Combination With Metformin and Sulfonylurea Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (LEAD-5 Met+SU): A Randomised Controlled Trial","volume":"52","author":"Russell-Jones","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(10)60307-8","article-title":"Liraglutide Versus Sitagliptin for Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Who did Not Have Adequate Glycaemic Control With Metformin: A 26-Week, Randomised, Parallel-Group, Open-Label Trial","volume":"375","author":"Pratley","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet (Lond Engl)"},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(08)61246-5","article-title":"Liraglutide Versus Glimepiride Monotherapy for Type 2 Diabetes (LEAD-3 Mono): A Randomised, 52-Week, Phase III, Double-Blind, Parallel-Treatment Trial","volume":"373","author":"Garber","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet (Lond Engl)"},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2014.01.009","article-title":"Reductions in Systolic Blood Pressure With Liraglutide in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Insights From a Patient-Level Pooled Analysis of Six Randomized Clinical Trials","volume":"28","author":"Fonseca","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Diabetes Its Complications"},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29367","article-title":"The Diagnosis and Management of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Practice Guidance From the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases","volume":"67","author":"Chalasani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v24.i16.1748","article-title":"Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Severity Is Defined by a Failure in Compensatory Antioxidant Capacity in the Setting of Mitochondrial Dysfunction","volume":"24","author":"Boland","year":"2018","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-016-3952-1","article-title":"Treatment of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Current Approaches and Future Directions","volume":"59","author":"Cusi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26717","article-title":"Extrahepatic Complications of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","volume":"59","author":"Armstrong","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.12149","article-title":"Safety and Efficacy of Liraglutide in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Elevated Liver Enzymes: Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis of the LEAD Program","volume":"37","author":"Armstrong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Alimentary Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-017-0572-9","article-title":"A Vicious Circle Between Insulin Resistance and Inflammation in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","volume":"16","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis"},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.13002","article-title":"Properties and Functions of Adipose Tissue Macrophages in Obesity","volume":"155","author":"Russo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-017-1955-5","article-title":"Macrophage Function in Obesity-Induced Inflammation and Insulin Resistance","volume":"469","author":"Lauterbach","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pflugers Archiv-European J Physiol"},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.5507\/bp.2018.015","article-title":"M1\/M2 Macrophage Polarization in Human Obese Adipose Tissue","volume":"162","author":"Chylikova","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomed Papers Med Faculty Univ Palacky Olomouc Czechoslovakia"},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00112","DOI":"10.1002\/edm2.112","article-title":"The Metabolic Basis of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis","volume":"3","author":"Chakravarthy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Endocrinol Diabetes Metab"},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2015.11.004","article-title":"EASL-EASD-EASO Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","volume":"64","author":"Giulio","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v24.i30.3361","article-title":"Current Guidelines for the Management of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review With Comparative Analysis","volume":"24","author":"Leoni","year":"2018","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2015.04.043","article-title":"Liver Fibrosis, But No Other Histologic Features, Is Associated With Long-Term Outcomes of Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","volume":"149","author":"Angulo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(15)00803-x","article-title":"Liraglutide Safety and Efficacy in Patients With non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (LEAN): A Multicentre, Double-Blind, Randomised, Placebo-Controlled Phase 2 Study","volume":"387","author":"Armstrong","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2028395","article-title":"A Placebo-Controlled Trial of Subcutaneous Semaglutide in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis","volume":"384","author":"Newsome","year":"2021","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-020-0209-6","article-title":"Resolution of NASH and Hepatic Fibrosis by the GLP-1r\/GcgR Dual-Agonist Cotadutide via Modulating Mitochondrial Function and Lipogenesis","volume":"2","author":"Boland","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Metab"},{"key":"B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21006","article-title":"Exendin-4, a Glucagon-Like Protein-1 (GLP-1) Receptor Agonist, Reverses Hepatic Steatosis in Ob\/Ob Mice","volume":"43","author":"Ding","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2010.09.032","article-title":"Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Reduces Hepatic Lipogenesis via Activation of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase","volume":"54","author":"Ben-Shlomo","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23569","article-title":"Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Is Present on Human Hepatocytes and Has a Direct Role in Decreasing Hepatic Steatosis In Vitro by Modulating Elements of the Insulin Signaling Pathway","volume":"51","author":"Gupta","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.15316","article-title":"Effect of Semaglutide on Liver Enzymes and Markers of Inflammation in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes and\/or Obesity","volume":"50","author":"Newsome","year":"2019","journal-title":"Alimentary Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacbts.2018.09.004","article-title":"The GLP-1 Analogs Liraglutide and Semaglutide Reduce Atherosclerosis in ApoE-\/- and LDLr-\/- Mice by a Mechanism That Includes Inflammatory Pathways","volume":"3","author":"Rakipovski","year":"2018","journal-title":"JACC: Basic To Trans Sci"},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2019.07.002","article-title":"From NASH to Diabetes and From Diabetes to NASH: Mechanisms and Treatment Options","volume":"1","author":"Gastaldelli","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.2174\/1871525716666180118152158","article-title":"Coagonist of GLP-1 and Glucagon Receptor Ameliorates Development of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","volume":"16","author":"Patel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Hematol Agents Med Chem"},{"key":"B139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/cjpp-2017-0683","article-title":"Coagonist of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 and Glucagon Receptors Ameliorates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","volume":"96","author":"Patel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Can J Physiol Pharmacol"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fendo.2021.721198\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,6]],"date-time":"2021-09-06T07:32:51Z","timestamp":1630913571000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fendo.2021.721198\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,6]]},"references-count":139,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fendo.2021.721198"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2021.721198","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-2392"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-2392","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,6]]},"article-number":"721198"}}