{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T07:56:14Z","timestamp":1792828574930,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,23]],"date-time":"2021-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640217600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005150","name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005150","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thyrotropin-secreting adenoma (TSH-oma) is a very rare kind of functional pituitary adenoma, especially that which occurs in adolescents. However, its potential clinical and therapeutic characteristics are still unknown.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study was aimed to summarize the clinical and therapeutic characteristics of patients with adolescent-onset TSH-oma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We retrospectively analyzed six (4.1%) adolescent-onset TSH-oma cases from 148 patients who were diagnosed with TSH-oma at our hospital between January 2012 and October 2020. A literature review was performed on the PubMed online database, and 14 adolescent-onset TSH-oma cases were retrieved. Then, the characteristics of clinical manifestations, treatment outcomes, and follow-ups were analyzed and compared to the adult TSH-oma patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Altogether, 20 adolescent-onset cases were included in this study having mean onset age of 13.4 \u00b1 3.3 years. Males were found to be slightly predominant (M: F = 1.5:1) in our study. The median baseline levels of TSH, FT3, and FT4 in adolescent-onset cases were found to be 6.30 [interquartile range (IQR) 9.82] \u00b5IU\/ml, 9.18 (IQR 11.61) pg\/ml, and 3.22 (IQR 1.90) ng\/dl, respectively, which were all significantly higher than the adult patients of our hospital. Also, the adolescent-onset cases showed more large tumor ratio (36.8% vs. 9.3%, p = 0.007) compared to the adult patients. Compared to the patients of all ages in the literature, the biochemical remission rate of SSAs (57.1%) and remission rate of TSS (38.9%) were found to be considerably lower in adolescent-onset patients, while the recurrence rate (44.4%) was found to be considerably higher.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adolescent-onset TSH-oma patients showed higher TSH and thyroid hormone levels, more large tumors, and worse treatment outcomes than adult cases. Hence, early diagnosis, multidisciplinary therapy, and close follow-up should be highlighted to improve the prognosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.771673","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,23]],"date-time":"2021-12-23T08:56:59Z","timestamp":1640249819000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Clinical and Therapeutic Characteristics of Pituitary TSH-Secreting Adenoma in Adolescent-Onset Patients: Six Case Studies and Literature 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