{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T12:12:24Z","timestamp":1793362344584,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,11]],"date-time":"2021-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1636588800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sarcopenia has reportedly been associated with increased risk of mortality in general populations. However, few studies have investigated the association between sarcopenia and mortality in older people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). This study aimed to investigate the effect of sarcopenia on incident all-cause mortality in older people with T2D.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Low muscle strength were set at handgrip strength &amp;lt;28 kg for men and &amp;lt;18 kg for women, and low skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), evaluated using the impedance body composition analyzer, were set at SMI &amp;lt;7.0 kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> for men and &amp;lt;5.7 kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> for women. People who had both low muscle strength and low SMI were diagnosed with sarcopenia. Due to a low incidence of all-cause mortality, the propensity score was used. The propensity score was evaluated using multivariable logistic regression models with the following parameters: age, sex, duration of diabetes, history of heart disease, history of cancer, smoking, exercise, alcohol, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, insulin, corticosteroid, hypertension, body mass index, glycosylated hemoglobin A1c, triglycerides, and creatinine, and the C-statistic was 0.89.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this prospective cohort study, 396 people with an average age and duration of diabetes of 71.3 (6.3) years and 16.3 (11.3) years, respectively, were included. Of those included, 14.6% had sarcopenia. During the average 40.5 (16.5) months of follow-up, 13 people (6 out of the 338 without sarcopenia and 7 out of the 58 with sarcopenia) died. Incident rate were 5.1\/1000 person years of follow-up in people without sarcopenia and 41.3\/1000 person years of follow-up in people with sarcopenia. According to Cox regression analysis, sarcopenia was associated with all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio: 6.12, 95% confidence interval: 1.52\u201324.7, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.011).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sarcopenia is associated with incident all-cause mortality in older outpatients with T2D.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.783363","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,11]],"date-time":"2021-11-11T10:03:26Z","timestamp":1636625006000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":81,"title":["Sarcopenia Is Associated With a Risk of Mortality in People With Type 2 Diabetes 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