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Conversely, data on DES effects on neurodevelopment and psychiatric disorders in <jats:italic>in-utero<\/jats:italic> exposed children and their descendants are rare, especially concerning Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Recent studies presented in this review strengthen the hypothesis that <jats:italic>in-utero<\/jats:italic> exposure to DES and also other synthetic estrogens and progestogens, which all are endocrine disruptors, contributes to the pathogenesis of psychiatric disorders, especially ASD. A large epidemiological study in the USA in 2010 reported severe depression in <jats:italic>in-utero<\/jats:italic> exposed children (n=1,612), and a French cohort study (n=1,002 <jats:italic>in-utero<\/jats:italic> DES exposed children) in 2016 found mainly bipolar disorders, schizophrenia, major depression, suicide attempts, and suicide. Few publications described ASD in <jats:italic>in-utero<\/jats:italic> exposed children, mainly a Danish cohort study and a large Chinese epidemiological study. Molecular studies on endocrine disruptors demonstrated the transgenerational induction of diseases and DES epigenetic impact (DNA methylation changes) at two genes implicated in neurodevelopment (<jats:italic>ZFP57<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>ADAM TS9<\/jats:italic>). We recently described in an informative family, somatic and psychiatric disorders in four generations, particularly ASD in boys of the third and fourth generation. These data show that the principle of precaution must be retained for the protection of future generations: women (pregnant or not) should be extremely vigilant about synthetic hormones.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.1034959","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,21]],"date-time":"2022-11-21T07:40:17Z","timestamp":1669016417000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Diethylstilbestrol and autism"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Marie-Odile","family":"Soyer-Gobillard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Gaspari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Courtet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Sultan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2515\/therapie\/2014012","article-title":"[Diethylstilbestrol story]","volume":"69","author":"Tournaire","year":"2014","journal-title":"Therapie"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10309","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph181910309","article-title":"Are the effects of DES over? 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