{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T07:36:32Z","timestamp":1785828992436,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,14]],"date-time":"2022-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670976000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Serum \u03b22-microglobulin (\u03b22-MG) and serum cystatin C (CysC) are sensitive and reliable indicators of early renal impairment. Triglyceride glucose index (TyG) is an emerging vital indicator of insulin resistance and is associated with increased risk of hypertension. We aimed to analyze the relationship between TyG and early renal impairment in hypertensive patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective analysis was performed on 881 hypertensive patients treated in Qinghai Provincial People, s Hospital from March 2018 to March 2021, their clinical data and corresponding laboratory index values were recorded, and the TyG index was calculated. According to the TyG index, the patients were divided into a low TyG (L-TyG) group (TyG \u2264 8.50, n=306), medium TyG (M-TyG) group (8.51\u2264TyG \u2264 8.94, n=281), and high TyG (H-TyG) group (TyG&amp;gt;8.95, n=294) in sequence by using tertiles. Then, according to serum \u03b22-MG and CysC levels, they were divided into a normal renal function group (\u03b22-MG \u2264 2.4 mg\/L, n=700 and CysC \u2264 1.25mg\/L, n=721) and a renal function injury group (\u03b22-MG&amp;gt;2.4 mg\/L, n=181, and CysC&amp;gt;1.25 mg\/L, n=160). Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of serum \u03b22-microglobulin and cystatin C. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between the TyG index and early renal impairment in hypertensive patients. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to determine the value of the TyG index in predicting early renal impairment in patients with hypertension.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Result<\/jats:title><jats:p>As the TyG index level increased, serum \u03b22-MG and CysC levels also gradually increased. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that TyG index was the influencing factor of serum \u03b22-MG (B=0.060, P=0.007) and serum CysC (B=0.096, P&amp;lt;0.001). For every 1 standard deviation increase in the TyG index, the serum \u03b22-MG and CysC increased by 0.06mg\/L and 0.096mg\/L, respectively. When compared to the normal group, the TyG level (8.91 \u00b1 0.65 vs 8.64 \u00b1 0.60, P&amp;lt;0.001) was higher in the renal impairment group with \u03b22-MG&amp;gt;2.4 mg\/L. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that for every 1 standard deviation increase in the TyG index, the risk of early renal impairment in hypertensive patients increased 1.53 times (OR=1.53, 95%CI 1.006-2.303).The ROC curves showed that the TyG index was not superior to TG in predicting early renal impairment in hypertensive patients. the AUC values were 0.623 and 0.617, respectively. Then, when CysC&amp;gt;1.25 mg\/L was used as the renal damage group, the level of TyG was still higher than that in the normal group (8.94 \u00b1 0.67 and 8.64 \u00b1 0.60, P&amp;lt;0.001). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that for every 1 standard deviation increase in the TyG index, the risk of early renal impairment in hypertensive patients increased 2.82 times (OR=2.82, 95%CI 1.863-4.262). The ROC curves showed that the TyG index was not superior to TG in predicting early renal impairment in hypertensive patients. the AUC values were 0.629 and 0.626, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>TyG index is an influential factor in serum \u03b22-MG and CysC levels. The elevated TyG index levels are closely associated with the occurrence and development of early renal impairment in hypertensive patients, but it should be used cautiously in the prediction of early renal impairment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.1038758","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,14]],"date-time":"2022-12-14T07:38:24Z","timestamp":1671003504000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["A high triglyceride glucose index is associated with early renal impairment in the hypertensive patients"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Jiankai","family":"Dong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huijie","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaping","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lianglong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quanzhong","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/hjh.0000000000000540","article-title":"Hypertension phenotypes and incident cardiovascular disease and mortality events in a decade follow-up of a middle East cohort","volume":"33","author":"Lotfaliany","year":"2015","journal-title":"J hypertens"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5301\/jn.5000020","article-title":"Elevated serum cystatin c is an independent predictor of cardiovascular events in people with relatively normal renal function","volume":"25","author":"Meng","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Nephrol"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13685538.2018.1479386","article-title":"Cystatin c as a predictor of mortality in elderly patients with chronic kidney disease","volume":"22","author":"Bevc","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aging male: Off J Int Soc Study Aging Male"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2017-01076","article-title":"Decreased homocysteine trans-sulfuration in hypertension with hyperhomocysteinemia: Relationship with insulin resistance","volume":"103","author":"Tessari","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2016.145","article-title":"The impact of insulin resistance on the kidney and vasculature","volume":"12","author":"Artunc","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2016.08.012","article-title":"Fasting triglycerides and glucose index as a diagnostic test for insulin resistance in young adults","volume":"47","author":"Guerrero-Romero","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch Med Res"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-0288","article-title":"The product of triglycerides and glucose, a simple measure of insulin sensitivity. comparison with the euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp","volume":"95","author":"Guerrero-Romero","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/6891537","article-title":"The triglyceride-glucose index predicts coronary artery disease severity and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with non-ST-Segment elevation acute coronary syndrome","volume":"2019","author":"Mao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dis Markers"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2021.644035","article-title":"Association between triglyceride-glucose index and hypertension: A meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-020-01403-7","article-title":"Association between triglyceride-glucose index and risk of incident diabetes: a secondary analysis based on a Chinese cohort study: TyG index and incident diabetes","volume":"19","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/dmso.S318255","article-title":"Relationship between the TyG index and diabetic kidney disease in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"14","author":"Lv","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab syndr obesity: Targets Ther"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-017-0409-6","article-title":"The triglyceride and glucose index (TyG) is an effective biomarker to identify nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"16","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-019-0898-x","article-title":"Association between macro- and microvascular damage and the triglyceride glucose index in community-dwelling elderly individuals: the northern shanghai study","volume":"18","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000167799","article-title":"Hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance, early cardiovascular risk factors in children with chronic kidney disease","volume":"26","author":"Lindblad","year":"2008","journal-title":"Blood purif"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2013.10.005","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome-induced tubulointerstitial injury: role of oxidative stress and preventive effects of acetaminophen","volume":"65","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Free Radical Biol Med"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11906-012-0245-z","article-title":"The link between the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and renal injury in obesity and the metabolic syndrome","volume":"14","author":"Thethi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr hypertens Rep"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci96139","article-title":"Insulin resistance causes inflammation in adipose tissue","volume":"128","author":"Shimobayashi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2009.02.014","article-title":"The renin angiotensin aldosterone system in hypertension: roles of insulin resistance and oxidative stress","volume":"93","author":"Manrique","year":"2009","journal-title":"Med Clinics North America"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-2658","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance as risk factors for development of chronic kidney disease and rapid decline in renal function in elderly","volume":"97","author":"Cheng","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-020-03294-z","article-title":"Microalbuminuria and serum cystatin c in prediction of early-renal insufficiency in children with obesity","volume":"87","author":"Oz-Sig","year":"2020","journal-title":"Indian J Pediatr"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.08.038","article-title":"Renal function testing","volume":"47","author":"Rosner","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1567202614666171116102504","article-title":"Cystatin c in cerebrovascular disorders","volume":"14","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr neurovascular Res"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2014.11.007","article-title":"Cystatin C: A kidney function biomarker","volume":"68","author":"Onopiuk","year":"2015","journal-title":"Advances in clinical chemistry"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2012.11.044","article-title":"Comparison of serum cystatin c, serum creatinine, measured GFR, and estimated GFR to assess the risk of kidney failure in American indians with diabetic nephropathy","volume":"62","author":"Pavkov","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Kidney dis: Off J Natl Kidney Found"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-018-1834-9","article-title":"Effect of socio-demographic factors on endogenous biomarkers (cystatin c and creatinine) among elderly chronic kidney disease patients: a cross-sectional study","volume":"50","author":"Khan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int Urol Nephrol"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-013-2641-2","article-title":"Is microalbuminuria a risk factor for hypertension in children with solitary kidney","volume":"29","author":"Shirzai","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol (Berlin Germany)"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.02.066","article-title":"Role of hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance in hypertension: Metabolic syndrome revisited","volume":"36","author":"da Silva","year":"2020","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.761397","article-title":"Triglyceride and glucose index and sex differences in relation to majo r adverse cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients without diabe tes","volume":"12","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.53920","article-title":"A high triglyceride-glucose index is associated with left ventricular dysfunction and atherosclerosis","volume":"18","author":"Chiu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Med Sci"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1186\/s13098-018-0376-8","article-title":"Metabolic clustering of risk factors: evaluation of triglyceride-glucose index (TyG index) for evaluation of insulin resistance","volume":"10","author":"Khan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetol Metab syndr"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.2612","article-title":"The triglyceride-glucose index and obesity-related risk of end-stage kidney disease in Austrian adults","volume":"4","author":"Fritz","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA netw Open"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fendo.2022.1038758\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,14]],"date-time":"2022-12-14T07:38:27Z","timestamp":1671003507000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fendo.2022.1038758\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,14]]},"references-count":31,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fendo.2022.1038758"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2022.1038758","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-2392"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-2392","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,14]]},"article-number":"1038758"}}