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Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Fluctuating ovarian hormones have been shown to affect decision-making processes in women. While emerging evidence suggests effects of endogenous ovarian hormones such as estradiol and progesterone on value-based decision-making in women, the impact of exogenous synthetic hormones, as in most oral contraceptives, is not clear. In a between-subjects design, we assessed measures of value-based decision-making in three groups of women aged 18 to 29 years, during (1) active oral contraceptive intake (N = 22), (2) the early follicular phase of the natural menstrual cycle (N = 20), and (3) the periovulatory phase of the natural menstrual cycle (N = 20). Estradiol, progesterone, testosterone, and sex-hormone binding globulin levels were assessed in all groups <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic> blood samples. We used a test battery which measured different facets of value-based decision-making: delay discounting, risk-aversion, risk-seeking, and loss aversion. While hormonal levels did show the expected patterns for the three groups, there were no differences in value-based decision-making parameters. Consequently, Bayes factors showed conclusive evidence in support of the null hypothesis. We conclude that women on oral contraceptives show no differences in value-based decision-making compared to the early follicular and periovulatory natural menstrual cycle phases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.817825","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,22]],"date-time":"2022-04-22T06:45:44Z","timestamp":1650609944000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["No Differences in Value-Based Decision-Making Due to Use of Oral Contraceptives"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Carolin A.","family":"Lewis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann-Christin S.","family":"Kimmig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nils B.","family":"Kroemer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shakoor","family":"Pooseh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael N.","family":"Smolka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Sacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Birgit","family":"Derntl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.130.5.769","article-title":"A Discounting Framework for Choice With Delayed and Probabilistic Rewards","volume":"130","author":"Green","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychol Bull"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yfrne.2020.100873","article-title":"Influence of Ovarian Hormones on Value-Based Decision-Making Systems: Contribution to Sexual Dimorphisms in Mental Disorders","volume":"60","author":"Ambrase","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Neuroendocrinol"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1007\/s11166-015-9206-7","article-title":"Gender Differences in Reward Sensitivity and Information Processing During Decision-Making","volume":"50","author":"Byrne","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Risk Uncertain"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2018.06.031","article-title":"Gender Differences in Preference for Reward Frequency Versus Reward Magnitude in Decision-Making Under Uncertainty","volume":"135","author":"Cornwall","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pers Individ Dif"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhn172","article-title":"Sex-Related Differences in Neural Activity During Risk Taking: An fMRI Study","volume":"19","author":"Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-019-0152-7","article-title":"Real-world Menstrual Cycle Characteristics Of More Than 600,000 Menstrual Cycles","volume":"2","author":"Bull","year":"2019","journal-title":"NPJ Digit Med"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2015.06.001","article-title":"Be Quick About it. 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