{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T03:56:56Z","timestamp":1781236616061,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,21]],"date-time":"2022-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647820800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Central diabetes insipidus (CDI) is a rare endocrine disease deriving from an insufficient production or secretion of anti-diuretic hormone. Recently, CDI has been reported as a rare side effect triggered by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in cancer patients. Despite its current rarity, CDI triggered by ICI is expected to affect an increasing number of patients because of the expanding use of these effective drugs in a growing number of solid and hematologic malignancies. An appropriate assessment of the severity of adverse events induced by anticancer agents is crucial in their management, including dosing adjustment and temporary withdrawal or discontinuation treatment. However, assessment of the severity of CDI induced by ICI may be challenging, as its main signs and symptoms (polyuria, dehydration, weight loss, and hypernatremia) can be incompletely graded. Indeed, the current grading system of toxicity induced by anticancer treatments does not include polyuria. Additionally, dehydration in patients affected by diabetes insipidus, including ICI-induced CDI, is different in certain aspects from that due to other conditions seen in cancer patients, such as vomiting and diarrhea. This prompted us to reflect on the need to grade polyuria, and how to grade it, and to consider a specific grading system for dehydration associated with CDI induced by ICI. Here we propose a new grading system for polyuria and dehydration, as critical symptoms of the CDI syndrome occurring in patients on ICI treatment, to obtain better management of both the adverse event and the triggering drugs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.840971","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,23]],"date-time":"2022-03-23T03:53:20Z","timestamp":1648007600000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Grading Central Diabetes Insipidus Induced by Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Challenging Task"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Agnese","family":"Barnabei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lidia","family":"Strigari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Corsello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosa Maria","family":"Paragliola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni Maria","family":"Iannantuono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Salvatori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salvatore Maria","family":"Corsello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Torino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2008.03.009","article-title":"Vasopressin and Aquaporin 2 (AQP2) in Clinical Disorders of Water Homeostasis","volume":"28","author":"Schrier","year":"2008","journal-title":"Semin Nephrol"},{"key":"B2","volume-title":"Diabetes Insipidus. Endotext","author":"Ball","year":"2018"},{"key":"B3","article-title":"Posterior Pituitary","volume-title":"Williams Textbook of Endocrinology","author":"Robinson","year":"2015"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-019-0103-2","article-title":"Diabetes Insipidus","volume":"5","author":"Christ-Crain","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-016-0773-7","article-title":"Critical Review of IgG4-Related Hypophysitis","volume":"20","author":"Shikuma","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pituitary"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-1962","article-title":"Pituitary Dysfunction in Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis: The Mayo Clinic Experience","volume":"99","author":"Kapoor","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2005040371","article-title":"Molecular Biology of Hereditary Diabetes Insipidus","volume":"16","author":"Fujiwara","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000183900","article-title":"Autosomal Dominant Neurohypophyseal Diabetes Insipidus in Two Families. Molecular Analysis of the Vasopressin-Neurophysin II Gene and Functional Studies of Three Missense Mutations","volume":"71","author":"Hedrich","year":"2009","journal-title":"Horm Res"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2006.03.003","article-title":"Familial Neurohypophyseal Diabetes Insipidus-an Update","volume":"26","author":"Christensen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Semin Nephrol"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1043-2760(97)00157-4","article-title":"Genetic Basis of Familial Neurohypophyseal Diabetes Insipidus","volume":"8","author":"Hansen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0004.2010.01522.x","article-title":"Wolfram Syndrome and WFS1 Gene","volume":"79","author":"Rigoli","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Genet"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-med-043010-193843","article-title":"Aquaporins in Clinical Medicine","volume":"63","author":"Verkman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Annu Rev Med"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-2435","article-title":"Central Diabetes Insipidus: A Previously Unreported Side Effect of Temozolomide","volume":"98","author":"Faje","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.28516","article-title":"Central Diabetes Insipidus: A Rare Unreported Side Effect of Temozolomide in Pediatrics","volume":"67","author":"Kuo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1078155220961551","article-title":"Central Diabetes Insipidus Induced by Temozolomide: A Report of Two Cases","volume":"27","author":"Mahiat","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Oncol Pharm Pract"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-014-0133-2","article-title":"Pituitary Side Effects of Old and New Drugs","volume":"37","author":"Zatelli","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-820683-6.00015-4","article-title":"Autoimmune Diabetes Insipidus","volume":"181","author":"Scherbaum","year":"2021","journal-title":"Handb Clin Neurol"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-009-0193-z","article-title":"Anti-CTLA-4 Antibody Therapy Associated Autoimmune Hypophysitis: Serious Immune-Related Adverse Events Across a Spectrum of Cancer Subtypes","volume":"13","author":"Dillard","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pituitary"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2014.0105","article-title":"Ipilimumab-Induced Hypophysitis and Uveitis in a Patient With Metastatic Melanoma and a History of Ipilimumab-Induced Skin Rash","volume":"12","author":"Nallapaneni","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Natl Compr Canc Netw"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.582394","article-title":"Case Report: Ipilimumab-Induced Panhypophysitis: An Infrequent Occurrence and Literature Review","volume":"1","author":"Barnabei","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1530\/EDM-17-0146","article-title":"Combination Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy Nivolumab and Ipilimumab Associated With Multiple Endocrinopathies","volume":"2018","author":"Gunawan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144 (abstract 323)","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ccm.0000619648.08126.8f","article-title":"Diabetes Insipidus in Checkpoint Inhibitor Treatment and Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"48","author":"Grami","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2017-01905","article-title":"Anti-PD-L1 Treatment-Induced Central Diabetes Insipidus","volume":"103","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106427","article-title":"Central Diabetes Insipidus Related to Anti-PD1 Protein Active Immunotherapy","volume":"83","author":"Deligiorgi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int Immunopharm"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/imt-2020-0334","article-title":"Anti-PD-1 Treatment-Induced Immediate Central Diabetes Insipidus: A Case Report","volume":"13","author":"Yu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Immunotherapy"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20945\/2359-3997000000221","article-title":"Permanent Diabetes Insipidus in a Patient With Mesothelioma Treated With Immunotherapy","volume":"64","author":"Brilli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1530\/EDM-20-0123","article-title":"Diabetes Insipidus Secondary to Nivolumab-Induced Neurohypophysitis and Pituitary Metastasis","volume":"2021","author":"Fosci","year":"2021","journal-title":"Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2018.09.016","article-title":"Hypothalamitis and Severe Hypothalamic Dysfunction Associated With Anti-Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1 Antibody Treatment","volume":"104","author":"Tshuma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"B29","article-title":"Lithium-Induced Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus: New Clinical and Experimental Findings","volume":"23","author":"Trepiccione","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Nephrol"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.84.6.5745","article-title":"Thickened Pituitary Stalk on Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Children With Central Diabetes Insipidus","volume":"84","author":"Leger","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198011063031902","article-title":"Disordered Control of Thirst in Hypothalamic-Pituitary Sarcoidosis","volume":"303","author":"Stuart","year":"1980","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E5","DOI":"10.1016\/s0272-6386(01)90002-2","article-title":"Diabetes Insipidus and Anterior Pituitary Insufficiency as Presenting Features of Wegener's Granulomatosis","volume":"37","author":"Garovic","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"B33","article-title":"MR Demonstration of Wegener Granulomatosis of the Infundibulum, a Cause of Diabetes Insipidus","volume":"16","author":"Czarnecki","year":"1995","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"B34","first-page":"99","article-title":"Primary Pituitary Abscess Case Series and a Review of the Literature","volume":"40","author":"Cabuk","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuro Endocrinol Lett"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"w14521","DOI":"10.4414\/smw.2018.14521","article-title":"A Ten-Year Follow-Up Study of Treatment Outcome of Craniopharyngiomas","volume":"148","author":"Andereggen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Swiss Med Wkly"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23552363","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19831215)52:12<2355::aid-cncr2820521232>3.0.co;2-j","article-title":"Systemic Cancer Presenting as Diabetes Insipidus. Clinical and Radiographic Features of 11 Patients With a Review of Metastatic-Induced Diabetes Insipidus","volume":"52","author":"Kimmel","year":"1983","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1620\/tjem.238.305","article-title":"Diabetes Insipidus as an Initial Presentation of Myelodysplastic Syndrome: Diagnosis With Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism Array-Based Karyotyping","volume":"238","author":"Sun","year":"2016","journal-title":"Exp Med"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2008.04.017","article-title":"Acute Diabetes Insipidus in Severe Head Injury: A Prospective Study","volume":"207","author":"Hadjizacharia","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2021.11.090","article-title":"Intraoperative Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak Graded by Esposito Grade Is a Predictor for Diabetes Insipidus After Endoscopic Endonasal Pituitary Adenoma Resection","author":"Tanji","year":"2021","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2017.11.042","article-title":"Postoperative Diabetes Insipidus and Hyponatremia in Children After Transsphenoidal Surgery for Adrenocorticotropin Hormone and Growth Hormone Secreting Adenomas","volume":"195","author":"Saldarriaga","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2008.9.JNS08191","article-title":"Incidence, Clinical Manifestations, and Course of Water and Electrolyte Metabolism Disturbances Following Transsphenoidal Pituitary Adenoma Surgery: A Prospective Observational Study","volume":"111","author":"Kristof","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2011.06.001","article-title":"Pituitary Dysfunction Following Traumatic Brain Injury or Subarachnoid Haemorrhage","volume":"25","author":"Hannon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2018.09.006","article-title":"Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus","volume":"66","author":"Kavanagh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatr Clin North Am"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.13866","article-title":"Diagnosis and Management of Central Diabetes Insipidus in Adults","volume":"90","author":"Garrahy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"B45","unstructured":"GubbiS\n            Hannah-ShmouniF\n            KochCA\n            VerbalisJG\n            FeingoldKR\n            AnawaltB\n          Diagnostic Testing for Diabetes Insipidus"},{"key":"B46","unstructured":"SternsRH\n          Etiology, Clinical Manifestations, and Diagnosis of Volume Depletion in Adults2021"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19820201)49:3<596::aid-cncr2820490332>3.0.co;2-8","article-title":"Bronchogenic Carcinoma and Diabetes Insipidus: Case Report and Review","volume":"49","author":"Krol","year":"1982","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-18-0367","article-title":"Fundamental Mechanisms of Immune Checkpoint Blockade Therapy","volume":"8","author":"Wei","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Discovery"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3239","article-title":"The Blockade of Immune Checkpoints in Cancer Immunotherapy","volume":"12","author":"Pardoll","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-021-00259-5","article-title":"Immune-Related Toxicities of Checkpoint Inhibitors: Mechanisms and Mitigation Strategies","author":"Sullivan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2018-00006","article-title":"Endocrine Toxicity of Cancer Immunotherapy Targeting Immune Checkpoints","volume":"40","author":"Chang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCO.0000000000000293","article-title":"Endocrinological Side-Effects of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors","volume":"4","author":"Torino","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Opin Oncol"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EC-20-0489","article-title":"Endocrine Toxicity of Cancer Immunotherapy: Clinical Challenges","volume":"10","author":"Anderson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Endocr Connect"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-020-01226-4","article-title":"Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Pituitary Adverse Events: An Observational, Retrospective, Disproportionality Study","volume":"43","author":"Bai","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa771","article-title":"Hypothalamitis: A Novel Autoimmune Endocrine Disease. A Literature Review and Case Report","volume":"106","author":"T\u00fcre","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17446651.2019.1701434","article-title":"Hypophysitis Induced by Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A 10-Year Assessment","volume":"14","author":"Di Dalmazi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/med\/9780199235292.003.2181","article-title":"Hypothalamic Dysfunction (Hypothalamic Syndromes)","volume-title":"Oxford Textbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes","author":"Guitar Shaikh","year":"2011"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11154-018-9463-2","article-title":"Thyroid Disorders Induced by Checkpoint Inhibitors","volume":"19","author":"Ferrari","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rev Endocr Metab Disord"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20102560","article-title":"Autoimmune Endocrine Dysfunctions Associated With Cancer Immunotherapies","volume":"20","author":"Ferrari","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-019-0232-2","article-title":"Hypothalamic Expression of PD-L1: Does it Mediate Hypothalamitis","volume":"16","author":"Iervasi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1530\/EDM-19-0102","article-title":"Clinical Heterogeneity of Hypophysitis Secondary to PD-1\/PD-L1 Blockade: Insights From Four Cases","volume":"2019","author":"Lupi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13164036","article-title":"Hypothalamic-Pituitary Autoimmunity in Patients Treated With Anti-PD-1 and Anti-PD-L1 Antibodies","volume":"13","author":"Bellastella","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm11101026","article-title":"Molecular and Genetic Immune Biomarkers of Primary and Immune-Therapy Induced Hypophysitis: From Laboratories to the Clinical Practice","volume":"11","author":"Chiloiro","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Pers Med"},{"key":"B64","unstructured":"BichetDG\n          Waltham, MATreatment of Central Diabetes Insipidus. In: UpToDate"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2019-0083","article-title":"Diagnosis and Management of Rare Immune-Related Adverse Events","volume":"25","author":"Schoenfeld","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41397-019-0077-1","article-title":"DPYD* 6 Plays an Important Role in Fluoropyrimidine Toxicity in Addition to DPYD* 2A and C. 2846A> T: A Comprehensive Analysis in 1254 Patients","volume":"19","author":"Del Re","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmacogenomics J"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.20002","article-title":"Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics of Anticancer Agents","volume":"59","author":"Huang","year":"2009","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"B68","unstructured":"Bethesda, MDCommon Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events. Version 5.02017"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdx225","article-title":"European Society Medical Oncology (ESMO) Guidelines Committee. Management of Toxicities From Immunotherapy: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for Diagnosis, Treatment and Follow-Up","volume":"28","author":"Haanen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2017.77.6385","article-title":"Management of Immune-Related Adverse Events in Patients Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy: American Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline","volume":"36","author":"Brahmer","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2021-002435","article-title":"Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) Clinical Practice Guideline on Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Adverse Events","volume":"9","author":"Brahmer","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Immunother Cancer"},{"key":"B72","unstructured":"NCCN Guidelines\u00ae for Management of Immunotherapy-Related Toxicities NCCN Guidelines for Supportive Care. Version 2.2021"},{"key":"B73","article-title":"Diabetes Insipidus","volume-title":"Intensive Care Manual","author":"Vedig","year":"1997"},{"key":"B74","unstructured":"SomersMJ\n          Waltham, MAClinical Assessment and Diagnosis of Hypovolemia (Dehydration) in Children. In: UpToDate"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-004-0781-9","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Desmopressin Administered Orally Versus Intravenously at Daytime Versus Night-Time in Healthy Men Aged 55-70 Years","volume":"60","author":"Rembratt","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-2326","article-title":"Clinical Review: Treatment of Neurohypophyseal Diabetes Insipidus","volume":"98","author":"Oiso","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.ej13-0165","article-title":"Efficacy and Safety of Desmopressin Orally Disintegrating Tablet in Patients With Central Diabetes Insipidus: Results of a Multicenter Open-Label Dose-Titration Study","volume":"60","author":"Arima","year":"2013","journal-title":"Endocr J"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fendo.2022.840971\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,23]],"date-time":"2022-03-23T03:53:28Z","timestamp":1648007608000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fendo.2022.840971\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,21]]},"references-count":77,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fendo.2022.840971"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2022.840971","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-2392"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-2392","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,21]]},"article-number":"840971"}}