{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T00:51:50Z","timestamp":1773881510217,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]],"date-time":"2022-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652140800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>The giant wrasse <jats:italic>Cheilinus undulatus<\/jats:italic> is a protogynous socially hermaphroditic fish. However, the physiological basis of its sex reversal remains largely unknown. <jats:italic>cyp19<\/jats:italic> is a key gender-related gene encoding P450 aromatase, which converts androgens to estrogens. <jats:italic>cyp19<\/jats:italic> transcription regulation is currently unknown in socially sexually reversible fish. We identified <jats:italic>NR5A1<\/jats:italic> by encoding SF-1, and <jats:italic>FOXL2<\/jats:italic> from giant wrasse cDNA and <jats:italic>cyp19a1a<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>cyp19a1b<\/jats:italic> promoter regions were cloned from genomic DNA to determine the function of both genes in <jats:italic>cyp19a1<\/jats:italic> regulation. Structural analysis showed that SF-1 contained a conserved DNA-binding domain (DBD) and a C-terminal ligand-binding domain (LBD). FOXL2 was comprised of an evolutionarily conserved Forkhead domain. <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic> transfection assays showed that SF-1 could upregulate <jats:italic>cyp19a1<\/jats:italic> promoter activities, but FOXL2 could only enhance <jats:italic>cyp19a1b<\/jats:italic> promoter transcriptional activity in the HEK293T cell line. Furthermore, HEK293T and COS-7 cell lines showed that co-transfecting the two transcription factors significantly increased <jats:italic>cyp19a1<\/jats:italic> promoter activity. The \u2212120 to \u2212112 bp (5\u2032-CAAGGGCAC-3\u2032) and \u2212890 to \u2212872 bp (5\u2032-AGAGGAGAACAAGGGGAG-3\u2032) regions of the <jats:italic>cyp19a1a<\/jats:italic> promoter were the core regulatory elements for SF-1 and FOXL2, respectively, to regulate <jats:italic>cyp19a1b<\/jats:italic> promoter transcriptional activity. Collectively, these results suggest that both FOXL2 and SF-1 are involved in giant wrasse sex reversal.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.863360","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]],"date-time":"2022-05-10T05:05:51Z","timestamp":1652159151000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Identification of SF-1 and FOXL2 and Their Effect on Activating P450 Aromatase Transcription via Specific Binding to the Promoter Motifs in Sex Reversing Cheilinus undulatus"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Xinxin","family":"Ji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shaoyang","family":"Bu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feibiao","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.ctdb.2018.12.014","article-title":"Natural Sex Change in Fish","volume":"134","author":"Gemmell","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Top Dev Biol"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2005.02.011","article-title":"Genetic, Endocrine, and Environmental Components of Sex Determination and Differentiation in the European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus Labrax L.)","volume":"142","author":"Piferrer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gen Comp Endocrinol"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0063604","article-title":"Characterization of Gonadal Transcriptomes From Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) Reveals Differentially Expressed Genes","volume":"8","author":"Tao","year":"2013","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2009.03.002","article-title":"Ovarianaromatase and Estrogens: A Pivotal Role for Gonadal Sex Differentiation and Sex Change in Fish","volume":"165","author":"Guiguen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gen Comp Endocrinol"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yfrne.2010.01.003","article-title":"Aromatase in the Brain of Teleost Fish: Expression, Regulation and Putative Functions","volume":"31","author":"Diotel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Front Neuroendocrinol"},{"key":"B6","article-title":"Cloning and Expression Characteristics of FTZ-F1 Gene in Jifu Tilapia. 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