{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T04:01:19Z","timestamp":1791864079513,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,14]],"date-time":"2022-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649894400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by high blood glucose levels, causing serious damage to the cardiovascular, respiratory, renal and other systems. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was 6.28% in 2017, considering all age groups worldwide (prevalence rate of 6,059 cases per 100,000), and its global prevalence is projected to increase to 7,079 cases per 100,000 by 2030. Furthermore, these individuals are often affected by diabetic myopathy, which is the failure to preserve muscle mass and function in the course of DM. This happens in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and T2DM. As skeletal muscle plays a key role in locomotion and glucose homeostasis, diabetic myopathy may contribute to additional complications of the disease. In addition, chronic hyperglycemia is associated with lung functional changes seen in patients with DM, such as reduced lung volumes and compliance, inspiratory muscle strength, and lung elastic recoil. Thus, the weakness of the inspiratory muscles, a consequence of diabetic myopathy, can influence exercise tolerance. Thus, moderate strength training in T2DM can contribute to the gain of peripheral muscle strength. Although the literature is robust on the loss of mass and consequent muscle weakness in diabetic myopathy, triggering pathophysiological factors, the impact on functional capacity, as well as the prescription of physical exercise for this condition deserves to be further explored. This review aims to explore the consequences of diabetic myopathy and its implication in rehabilitation from prescription to safety in the practice of physical exercises for these individuals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.869921","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,14]],"date-time":"2022-04-14T10:54:27Z","timestamp":1649933667000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Rehabilitation of Individuals With Diabetes Mellitus: Focus on Diabetic Myopathy"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Daniela","family":"Bassi-Dibai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aldair Darlan","family":"Santos-de-Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Almir Vieira","family":"Dibai-Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisiane Fernanda Sime\u00e3o","family":"de Azevedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e1ssia da Luz","family":"Goulart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriela Costa Pontes","family":"Luz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick Rademaker","family":"Burke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriana Sanches","family":"Garcia-Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Audrey","family":"Borghi-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/AJPENDO.00314.2018","article-title":"Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Organ-Based Analysis","volume":"316","author":"Pinti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/DB07-0481","article-title":"Mitochondrial Energetics in the Heart in Obesity-Related Diabetes: Direct Evidence for Increased Uncoupled Respiration and Activation of Uncoupling Proteins","volume":"56","author":"Boudina","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/S00125-007-0594-3","article-title":"Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Have Normal Mitochondrial Function in Skeletal Muscle","volume":"50","author":"Boushel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/S00125-004-1627-9","article-title":"Functional and Morphological Alterations of Mitochondria in Pancreatic Beta Cells From Type 2 Diabetic Patients","volume":"48","author":"Anello","year":"2005","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.3728","article-title":"Parallel Single-Cell Sequencing Links Transcriptional and Epigenetic Heterogeneity","volume":"13","author":"Angermueller","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Methods"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI117790","article-title":"Increased Expression of Mitochondrial-Encoded Genes in Skeletal Muscle of Humans With Diabetes Mellitus","volume":"95","author":"Antonetti","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3735","article-title":"Chronic Enrichment of Hepatic Endoplasmic Reticulum\u2013Mitochondria Contact Leads to Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Obesity","volume":"20","author":"Arruda","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/DB05-1230","article-title":"Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Functions, Mitochondrial DNA Copy Numbers, and Gene Transcript Profiles in Type 2 Diabetic and Nondiabetic Subjects at Equal Levels of Low or High Insulin and Euglycemia","volume":"55","author":"Asmann","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/FPHYS.2015.00422","article-title":"Mitochondrial Quality Control and Muscle Mass; 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