{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T00:58:08Z","timestamp":1773449888449,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,14]],"date-time":"2022-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657756800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is highly effective in the remission of obesity and associated diabetes. The mechanisms underlying obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus remission after RYGB remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the changes in continuous dynamic FDG uptake patterns after RYGB and examine the correlation between glucose metabolism and its transporters in variable endocrine organs using\n                    <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                    F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography images. Increased glucose metabolism in specific organs, such as the small intestine and various fat tissues, is closely associated with improved glycemic control after RYGB. In Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty rats fed with high-fat diets, RYGB operation increases intestine glucose transporter expression and various fat tissues\u2019 glucose transporters, which are not affected by insulin. The fasting glucose decrement was significantly associated with RYGB, sustained weight loss, post-RYGB oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) area under the curve (AUC), glucose transporter, or glycolytic enzymes in the small bowel and various fat tissues. High intestinal glucose metabolism and white adipose tissue-dependent glucose metabolism correlated with metabolic benefit after RYGB. These findings suggest that the newly developed glucose biodistribution accompanied by increased glucose transporters is a mechanism associated with the systemic effect of RYGB.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.937394","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,14]],"date-time":"2022-07-14T01:56:22Z","timestamp":1657763782000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Altered Glucose Metabolism and Glucose Transporters in Systemic Organs After Bariatric Surgery"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Ju Hun","family":"Oh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chan Woo","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eun Kyung","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jung Ho","family":"Nam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Soohyun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyeong Hye","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eun Jig","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arthur","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheol Ryong","family":"Ku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mco.0000232914.14978.c5","article-title":"Bariatric Surgery: Effects on Glucose Homeostasis","volume":"9","author":"Rubino","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.292.14.1724","article-title":"Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"292","author":"Buchwald","year":"2004","journal-title":"Jama"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1200111","article-title":"Bariatric Surgery Versus Conventional Medical Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes","volume":"366","author":"Mingrone","year":"2012","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1600869","article-title":"Bariatric Surgery Versus Intensive Medical Therapy for Diabetes - 5-Year Outcomes","volume":"376","author":"Schauer","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00075-6","article-title":"Bariatric-Metabolic Surgery Versus Conventional Medical Treatment in Obese Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: 5 Year Follow-Up of an Open-Label, Single-Centre, Randomised Controlled Trial","volume":"386","author":"Mingrone","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2011.05.050","article-title":"Weight-Independent Changes in Blood Glucose Homeostasis After Gastric Bypass or Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy in Rats","volume":"141","author":"Chambers","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-2316","article-title":"Rapid Improvement in Diabetes After Gastric Bypass Surgery: Is it the Diet or Surgery","volume":"36","author":"Lingvay","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32129-3","article-title":"Worldwide Trends in Body-Mass Index, Underweight, Overweight, and Obesity From 1975 to 2016: A Pooled Analysis of 2416 Population-Based Measurement Studies in 128\u00b79 Million Children, Adolescents, and Adults","volume":"390","author":"Abarca-G\u00f3mez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00073.2012","article-title":"Acute and Long-Term Effects of Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass on Glucose Metabolism in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes and Normal Glucose Tolerance","volume":"303","author":"J\u00f8rgensen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2011-1044","article-title":"All Bariatric Surgeries Are Not Created Equal: Insights From Mechanistic Comparisons","volume":"33","author":"Stefater","year":"2012","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-011-9514-x","article-title":"Do We Really Know Why Diabetes Remits After Gastric Bypass Surgery","volume":"40","author":"Laferr\u00e8re","year":"2011","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-2876","article-title":"Changes in Glucose Homeostasis After Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery for Obesity at Day Three, Two Months, and One Year After Surgery: Role of Gut Peptides","volume":"96","author":"Falk\u00e9n","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12034","article-title":"Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery Increases Number But Not Density of CCK-, GLP-1-, 5-HT-, and Neurotensin-Expressing Enteroendocrine Cells in Rats","volume":"25","author":"Mumphrey","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2013.09.014","article-title":"Enteroendocrine Secretion of Gut Hormones in Diabetes, Obesity and After Bariatric Surgery","volume":"13","author":"Holst","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pharmacol"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.03.091","article-title":"PYY-Dependent Restoration of Impaired Insulin and Glucagon Secretion in Type 2 Diabetes Following Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery","volume":"15","author":"Ramracheya","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2021.100248","article-title":"IGFBP-2 Partly Mediates the Early Metabolic Improvements Caused by Bariatric Surgery","volume":"2","author":"Faramia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Rep Med"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13135","article-title":"FXR Is a Molecular Target for the Effects of Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy","volume":"509","author":"Ryan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7715","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms8715","article-title":"Bile Diversion to the Distal Small Intestine has Comparable Metabolic Benefits to Bariatric Surgery","volume":"6","author":"Flynn","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db18-1305","article-title":"FGF19 Analog as a Surgical Factor Mimetic That Contributes to Metabolic Effects Beyond Glucose Homeostasis","volume":"68","author":"DePaoli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1235103","article-title":"Reprogramming of Intestinal Glucose Metabolism and Glycemic Control in Rats After Gastric Bypass","volume":"341","author":"Saeidi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2020-321402","article-title":"Serum Glucose Excretion After Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass: A Potential Target for Diabetes Treatment","volume":"70","author":"Kwon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-20301-1","article-title":"Bariatric Surgery Induces a New Gastric Mucosa Phenotype With Increased Functional Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Expressing Cells","volume":"12","author":"Ribeiro-Parenti","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2015.10.009","article-title":"Differences in Alimentary Glucose Absorption and Intestinal Disposal of Blood Glucose After Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass vs Sleeve Gastrectomy","volume":"150","author":"Cavin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db16-1000","article-title":"Intestinal Glycolysis Visualized by FDG PET\/CT Correlates With Glucose Decrement After Gastrectomy","volume":"66","author":"Ku","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2018-316103","article-title":"Major Microbiota Dysbiosis in Severe Obesity: Fate After Bariatric Surgery","volume":"68","author":"Aron-Wisnewsky","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8227(11)70014-6","article-title":"Insulin Effects in Muscle and Adipose Tissue","volume":"93","author":"Dimitriadis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2013.09.012","article-title":"Effect of Bariatric Surgery on Liver Glucose Metabolism in Morbidly Obese Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients","volume":"60","author":"Immonen","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-014-1434-4","article-title":"Changes in Glucose Transporters, Gluconeogenesis, and Circadian Clock After Duodenal-Jejunal Bypass Surgery","volume":"25","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-2107","article-title":"The Importance of Caloric Restriction in the Early Improvements in Insulin Sensitivity After Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery","volume":"33","author":"Isbell","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm3351","article-title":"Regulation of Glucose Transport by Insulin: Traffic Control of GLUT4","volume":"13","author":"Leto","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-017-5858-5","article-title":"Understanding Intestinal Glucose Transporter Expression in Obese Compared to Non-Obese Subjects","volume":"32","author":"Deal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00253.2009","article-title":"Impact of Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery on Rat Intestinal Glucose Transport","volume":"297","author":"Stearns","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.1996.270.4.G541","article-title":"Glucose Transporters in the Regulation of Intestinal, Renal, and Liver Glucose Fluxes","volume":"270","author":"Thorens","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.11.012","article-title":"Gastric Bypass Increases Energy Expenditure in Rats","volume":"138","author":"Bueter","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0065696","article-title":"Hypertrophy Dependent Doubling of L-Cells in Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass Operated Rats","volume":"8","author":"Hansen","year":"2013","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M010144200","article-title":"Regulation of Glut1 mRNA by Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1. Interaction Between H-Ras and Hypoxia","volume":"276","author":"Chen","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/gtc.12558","article-title":"Transgenic Mice Specifically Expressing Amphiregulin in White Adipose Tissue Showed Less Adipose Tissue Mass","volume":"23","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Genes Cells"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2018.10.008","article-title":"T Helper Cell Cytokines Modulate Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal and Differentiation","volume":"175","author":"Biton","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2018.11.035","article-title":"Recirculating Intestinal IgA-Producing Cells Regulate Neuroinflammation via IL-10","volume":"176","author":"Rojas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fendo.2022.937394\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,14]],"date-time":"2022-07-14T01:56:24Z","timestamp":1657763784000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fendo.2022.937394\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,14]]},"references-count":39,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fendo.2022.937394"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2022.937394","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.742263145.793594546","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1664-2392"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-2392","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,14]]},"article-number":"937394"}}