{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T19:21:02Z","timestamp":1790277662169,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,29]],"date-time":"2022-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661731200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Vitamin D plays an important role in reproduction. Evidence shown that free 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)VitD) was more accurate than total 25(OH)VitD in reflecting the status of 25(OH)VitD during pregnancy. However, the relationship between free 25(OH)VitD and female fertility parameters has not been reported yet. Therefore, this study aims to compare the correlation of free and total 25(OH)VitD with fertility parameters in infertility females undergoing <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 2569 infertility patients who received IVF-ET or ICSI treatment for the first time participated in this study. Five milliliter peripheral blood samples of the patients were collected on the day before embryo transfer (ET). Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits was used to detect free 25(OH)VitD and total 25(OH)VitD, and clinical information was collected. Spearman\u2019s rho was used to evaluate the association between the variables.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The median (IQR) of free 25(OH)VitD was 4.71 (4.11-5.31) pg\/mL and total 25(OH)VitD was 19.54 (16.52-22.83) ng\/m. The correlation between them, however, was week (rho=0.311). Compared to total 25(OH)VitD, free 25(OH)VitD was slightly better correlated with basal follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (rho=0.041, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0.036), basal estradiol (E<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) (rho=0.089, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&amp;lt;0.001), anti-M\u00fcllerian hormone (AMH) (rho=-0.057, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0.004), antral follicle count (AFC) (rho=-0.053, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0.007), E<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> (rho=-0.080, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&amp;lt;0.001), number of oocytes retrieval (rho=-0.079, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&amp;lt;0.001) and progesterone (P)\/E<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> on hCG trigger day (rho=0.081, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&amp;lt;0.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, there was only a rather weak correlation of free as well as total 25(OH)VitD with human endocrine and functional fertility parameters in women undergoing IVF\/ICSI. Neither free nor total 25(OH)VitD seems to play a major role in human embryo implantation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.986848","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,29]],"date-time":"2022-08-29T04:48:05Z","timestamp":1661748485000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["25(OH)VitD and human endocrine and functional fertility parameters in women undergoing IVF\/ICSI"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Mei","family":"Tian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suimin","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sufen","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Reichetzeder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoli","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenjun","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weihong","family":"Kuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kexin","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yao","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingqiu","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ge","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Berthold","family":"Hocher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32279-7","article-title":"Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 354 diseases and injuries for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2017","volume":"392","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.14966","article-title":"Epidemiology of infertility in China: a population-based study","volume":"125","author":"Zhou","year":"2018","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010537.pub5","article-title":"Assisted reproductive technology: an overview of cochrane reviews","volume":"8","author":"Farquhar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dex234","article-title":"The international glossary on infertility and fertility care, 2017","volume":"32","author":"Zegers-Hochschild","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GCO.0000000000000452","article-title":"What is new in the management of poor ovarian response in IVF","volume":"30","author":"Vaiarelli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2012.688897","article-title":"Vitamin d bioavailability: state of the art","volume":"55","author":"Borel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1923","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-81452-9","article-title":"Opposite correlation of 25-hydroxy-vitamin d- and 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin d-metabolites with gestational age, bone- and lipid-biomarkers in pregnant women","volume":"11","author":"Tsuprykov","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2015.12.040","article-title":"Role of vitamin d in female reproduction","volume":"455","author":"Shahrokhi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2241","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15102241","article-title":"The role of vitamin d in fertility and during pregnancy and lactation: A review of clinical data","volume":"15","author":"Pilz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2011.03.022","article-title":"Maternal vitamin d and fetal growth in early-onset severe preeclampsia","volume":"204","author":"Robinson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10470","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-14708-7","article-title":"Vitamin d and calcium, together and separately, play roles in female reproductive performance","volume":"12","author":"Safari","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677\/jme.1.01946","article-title":"Cycling and early pregnant endometrium as a site of regulated expression of the vitamin d system","volume":"36","author":"Vigano","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Mol Endocrinol"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.131029498","article-title":"Targeted ablation of the 25-hydroxyvitamin d 1alpha -hydroxylase enzyme: evidence for skeletal, reproductive, and immune dysfunction","volume":"98","author":"Panda","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U.S.A."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GCO.0000000000000065","article-title":"Vitamin d and female fertility","volume":"26","author":"Lerchbaum","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2009.05.019","article-title":"Replete vitamin d stores predict reproductive success following in vitro fertilization","volume":"94","author":"Ozkan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/des280","article-title":"Characterizing the influence of vitamin d levels on IVF outcomes","volume":"27","author":"Rudick","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11051053","article-title":"Vitamin d and anti-mullerian hormone levels in infertility treatment: The change-point problem","volume":"11","author":"Bednarska-Czerwinska","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2019.03.008","article-title":"Comparison of free and total 25-hydroxyvitamin d in normal human pregnancy","volume":"190","author":"Tsuprykov","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.118.313558","article-title":"Serum bioavailable and free 25-hydroxyvitamin d levels, but not its total level, are associated with the risk of mortality in patients with coronary artery disease","volume":"123","author":"Yu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2017.11.014","article-title":"Why should we measure free 25(OH) vitamin d","volume":"180","author":"Tsuprykov","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.09.005","article-title":"Impact of vitamin d on human embryo implantation-a prospective cohort study in women undergoing fresh embryo transfer","volume":"115","author":"Cai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41366-021-00978-0","article-title":"Impact of body mass index (BMI) on the success rate of fresh embryo transfer in women undergoing first in vitro fertilization\/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF\/ICSI) treatment","volume":"46","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Obes (Lond)"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgab594","article-title":"Blastocyst transfer: A risk factor for gestational diabetes mellitus in women undergoing in vitro fertilization","volume":"107","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000499878","article-title":"Free 25-vitamin d is correlated with cardiovascular events in prevalent hemodialysis patients but not with markers of renal mineral bone disease","volume":"44","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Kidney Blood Press Res"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-2218","article-title":"IOM committee members respond to endocrine society vitamin d guideline","volume":"97","author":"Rosen","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra070553","article-title":"Vitamin d deficiency","volume":"357","author":"Holick","year":"2007","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.advms.2019.12.008","article-title":"Proven and unproven methods for diagnosis and treatment of infertility","volume":"65","author":"Szamatowicz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv Med Sci"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5603\/GP.2016.0095","article-title":"Assisted reproductive technology in reproductive medicine - possibilities and limitations","volume":"87","author":"Szamatowicz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ginekol Pol"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17030","DOI":"10.1038\/boneres.2017.30","article-title":"New insights into the vitamin d requirements during pregnancy","volume":"5","author":"Hollis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bone Res"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.001","article-title":"Understanding vitamin d metabolism in pregnancy: From physiology to pathophysiology and clinical outcomes","volume":"86","author":"Karras","year":"2018","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2013.262","article-title":"Vitamin d and male reproduction","volume":"10","author":"Blomberg Jensen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2016.09.023","article-title":"Possible influence of vitamin d on male reproduction","volume":"173","author":"Boisen","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2017-01656","article-title":"Effects of vitamin d supplementation on semen quality, reproductive hormones, and live birth rate: A randomized clinical trial","volume":"103","author":"Blomberg Jensen","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2018.03.005","article-title":"Reference intervals for measured and calculated free 25-hydroxyvitamin d in normal pregnancy","volume":"181","author":"Tsuprykov","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dew107","article-title":"Vitamin d deficiency and pregnancy rates following frozen-thawed embryo transfer: a prospective cohort study","volume":"31","author":"van de Vijver","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1080\/09513590.2021.1933934","article-title":"Vitamin d and anti-mullerian hormone concentration in human follicular fluid individually aspirated from all patient follicles","volume":"38","author":"Skowronska","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gynecol Endocrinol"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22074\/IJFS.2021.138605.1033","article-title":"The effects of serum and follicular fluid vitamin d levels on assisted reproductive techniques: A prospective cohort study","volume":"15","author":"Neysanian","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Fertil Steril"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deu223","article-title":"Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation leads to high progesterone and estradiol levels during early pregnancy","volume":"29","author":"Jarvela","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13685538.2015.1034686","article-title":"Vitamin d is significantly associated with total testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin in Malaysian men","volume":"18","author":"Chin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Aging Male"},{"key":"B40","article-title":"Evaluation of the association of vitamin d deficiency with gonadotropins and sex hormone in obese and non-obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"11","author":"Velija-Asimi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Med Glas (Zenica)"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0015-0282(00)01689-7","article-title":"Defining and predicting the poor responder","volume":"75","author":"Gorgy","year":"2001","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2485","DOI":"10.3390\/v13122485","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2 delta variant displays moderate resistance to neutralizing antibodies and spike protein properties of higher soluble ACE2 sensitivity, enhanced cleavage and fusogenic activity","volume":"13","author":"Neerukonda","year":"2021","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.666687","article-title":"Relationship between vitamin d and hormones important for human fertility in reproductive-aged women","volume":"12","author":"Chu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgab213","article-title":"Sex-dependent association of vitamin d with insulin resistance in humans","volume":"106","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18544\/PEDM-23.04.0094","article-title":"Metabolic disorders in polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"23","author":"Wikiera","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr Endocrinol Diabetes Metab"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fendo.2022.986848\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,29]],"date-time":"2022-08-29T04:48:10Z","timestamp":1661748490000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fendo.2022.986848\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,29]]},"references-count":45,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fendo.2022.986848"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2022.986848","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-2392"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-2392","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,29]]},"article-number":"986848"}}