{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T05:35:44Z","timestamp":1791005744370,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,7]],"date-time":"2022-12-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670371200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003392","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003392","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Many observational studies have shown that obesity strongly affects skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs). However, whether a causal genetic relationship exists between obesity and SSTIs is unclear.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was used to explore whether obesity is causally associated with SSTIs using a publicly released genome-wide association study (GWAS). An inverse-variance weighted (IVW) analysis was used as the primary analysis, and the results are reported as the odds ratios (ORs). Heterogeneity was tested using Cochran\u2019s Q test and the I<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> statistic, and horizontal pleiotropy was tested using the MR\u2212Egger intercept and MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results of the MR analysis showed a positive effect of BMI on SSTIs (OR 1.544, 95% CI 1.399-1.704, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= 5.86 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>-18<\/jats:sup>). After adjusting for the effect of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and peripheral vascular disease (PVD), the positive effect still existed. Then, we further assessed the effect of BMI on different types of SSTIs. The results showed that BMI caused an increased risk of impetigo, cutaneous abscess, furuncle and carbuncle, cellulitis, pilonidal cyst, and other local infections of skin and subcutaneous tissues, except for acute lymphadenitis. However, the associations disappeared after adjusting for the effect of T2D and PVD, and the associations between BMI and impetigo or cellulitis disappeared. Finally, we assessed the effects of several obesity-related characteristics on SSTIs. Waist circumference, hip circumference, body fat percentage, and whole-body fat mass, excluding waist-to-hip ratio, had a causal effect on an increased risk of SSTIs. However, the associations disappeared after adjusting for the effect of BMI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study found that obesity had a positive causal effect on SSTIs. Reasonable weight control is a possible way to reduce the occurrence of SSTIs, especially in patients undergoing surgery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.996863","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,7]],"date-time":"2022-12-07T06:58:12Z","timestamp":1670396292000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["The causal relationship between obesity and skin and soft tissue infections: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Hongxin","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Mei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mei","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianwei","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haibin","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guoli","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17034","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.34","article-title":"Obesity","volume":"3","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Muniesa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11121883","article-title":"Neutrophils actively contribute to obesity-associated inflammation and pathological complications","volume":"11","author":"Uribe-Querol","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":":131-41","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-789X.2009.00712.x","article-title":"The economic burden of obesity worldwide: a systematic review of the direct costs of obesity","volume":"12","author":"W","year":"2011","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"key":"B4","article-title":"Skin and soft tissue infections","volume":"92","author":"Ramakrishnan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am Fam Phys"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"i3","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkg466","article-title":"Expert panel on managing skin and soft tissue infections. managing skin and soft tissue infections: expert panel recommendations on key decision points","author":"Eron","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200363140-00003","article-title":"A practical guide to the treatment of complicated skin and soft tissue infections","volume":"63","author":"Fung","year":"2003","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-14-296","article-title":"Incidence and cost of hospitalizations associated with staphylococcus aureus skin and soft tissue infections in the united states from 2001 through 2009","volume":"14","author":"Suaya","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1007\/82_2016_32","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus-associated skin and soft tissue infections: Anatomical localization, epidemiology, therapy and potential prophylaxis","volume":"409","author":"Olaniyi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Top Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":":1\u201316","DOI":"10.1128\/microbiolspec.DMIH2-0014-2015","article-title":"Skin and soft tissue infections","volume":"4","author":"Moffarah","year":"2016","journal-title":"Microbiol Spectr"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0000000000000440","article-title":"The optimal duration of treatment for skin and soft tissue infections and acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections","volume":"31","author":"Corcione","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Opin Infect Dis"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8070953","article-title":"Metabolic obesity phenotypes and risk of cellulitis: A cohort study","volume":"8","author":"Cheong","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/s0196-6553(00)90006-3","article-title":"Surgical site infections at the national cancer institute in Mexico: A case-control study","volume":"28","author":"Vilar-Compte","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1260972","article-title":"Innate immunity. dermal adipocytes protect against invasive staphylococcus aureus skin infection","volume":"347","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2018.11.003","article-title":"Age-related loss of innate immune antimicrobial function of dermal fat is mediated by transforming growth factor beta","volume":"50","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2009.02906.x","article-title":"Factors predisposing to acute and recurrent bacterial non-necrotizing cellulitis in hospitalized patients: a prospective case-control study","volume":"16","author":"Karppelin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/sur.2022.055","article-title":"Characterization of necrotizing soft tissue infections in obese and non-obese patients","volume":"23","author":"Jalilvand","year":"2022","journal-title":"Surg Infect (Larchmt)"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-021-00886-5","article-title":"Depression and osteoporosis: A mendelian randomization study","volume":"109","author":"He","year":"2021","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.17219","article-title":"Mendelian randomization","volume":"318","author":"Emdin","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.32310","article-title":"Diabetes and cancer risk: A mendelian randomization study","volume":"146","author":"Goto","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2016.252","article-title":"Cannabis use and risk of schizophrenia: a mendelian randomization study","volume":"23","author":"Vaucher","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2017.3191","article-title":"Inflammatory biomarkers and risk of schizophrenia: A 2-sample mendelian randomization study","volume":"74","author":"Hartwig","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2020.12.034","article-title":"Obesity, type 2 diabetes, lifestyle factors, and risk of gallstone disease: A mendelian randomization investigation","volume":"20","author":"Yuan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-015-1568-x","article-title":"Association between acculturation, obesity and cardiovascular risk factors among male south Asian migrants in the united Arab Emirates\u2013a cross-sectional study","volume":"15","author":"Shah","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-020-01236-2","article-title":"Genetically predicted physical activity levels are associated with lower colorectal cancer risk: a mendelian randomisation study","volume":"124","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfab182","article-title":"Association of renal impairment with cognitive dysfunction in the northern Ireland cohort for the longitudinal study of ageing (NICOLA)","volume":"36","author":"Paterson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e34408","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.34408","article-title":"The MR-base platform supports systematic causal inference across the human phenome","volume":"7","author":"Hemani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.203029","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis: a bi-directional mendelian randomization study","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aging (Albany NY)"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1038\/nature15393","article-title":"A global reference for human genetic variation","volume":"526","author":"Auton","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.808832","article-title":"No genetic causal association between periodontitis and arthritis: A bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization analysis","volume":"13","author":"Yin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-14389-8","article-title":"Physical activity and risks of breast and colorectal cancer: a mendelian randomisation analysis","volume":"11","author":"Papadimitriou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyr036","article-title":"Avoiding bias from weak instruments in mendelian randomization studies","volume":"40","author":"Burgess","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.120.016771","article-title":"Impact of genetically predicted red blood cell traits on venous thromboembolism: Multivariable mendelian randomization study using UK biobank","volume":"9","author":"Luo","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2021.793023","article-title":"Causal relationships between osteoarthritis and senile central nerve system dysfunction: A bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization study","volume":"13","author":"Cai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.702482","article-title":"Graves\u2019 disease and rheumatoid arthritis: A bidirectional mendelian randomization study","volume":"12","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2021.688849","article-title":"Obesity, type 2 diabetes, and the risk of carpal tunnel syndrome: A two-sample mendelian randomization study","volume":"12","author":"Mi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Genet"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.121.038035","article-title":"Sex hormones and risk of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: A mendelian randomization study","volume":"53","author":"Molenberg","year":"2022","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa070","article-title":"Plasma lipids and risk of aortic valve stenosis: a mendelian randomization study","volume":"41","author":"Nazarzadeh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-789X.2008.00546.x","article-title":"Effect of body mass index on the outcome of infections: a systematic review","volume":"10","author":"Falagas","year":"2009","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2017.162","article-title":"Emerging nonmetabolic functions of skin fat","volume":"14","author":"Guerrero-Juarez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eabb5280","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abb5280","article-title":"Diet-induced obesity promotes infection by impairment of the innate antimicrobial defense function of dermal adipocyte progenitors","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0029665112000092","article-title":"Obesity, inflammation and the immune system","volume":"71","author":"de Heredia","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc Nutr Soc"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.827281","article-title":"Editorial: The immunomodulatory roles of adipocytes","volume":"12","author":"Bradley","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI45887","article-title":"Adipose tissue remodeling and obesity","volume":"121","author":"Sun","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13020610","article-title":"Obesity, nutrients and the immune system in the era of COVID-19","volume":"13","author":"De Bandt","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2013.06.016","article-title":"Fibrosis and adipose tissue dysfunction","volume":"18","author":"Sun","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI129192","article-title":"Deciphering the cellular interplays underlying obesity-induced adipose tissue fibrosis","volume":"129","author":"Marcelin","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-009-0750-3","article-title":"Hypoxia stimulates lactate release and modulates monocarboxylate transporter (MCT1, MCT2, and MCT4) expression in human adipocytes","volume":"459","author":"P\u00e9rez de Heredia","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pflugers Arch"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0802059","article-title":"Lactate boosts TLR4 signaling and NF-kappaB pathway-mediated gene transcription in macrophages via monocarboxylate transporters and MD-2 up-regulation","volume":"182","author":"Samuvel","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1118450109","article-title":"Antigen-specific CD4 T-cell help rescues exhausted CD8 T cells during chronic viral infection","volume":"108","author":"Aubert","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U.S.A."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2014.04.010","article-title":"Bystander chronic infection negatively impacts development of CD8(+) T cell memory","volume":"40","author":"Stelekati","year":"2014","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2022.06.012","article-title":"Inflammatory exposure drives long-lived impairment of hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal activity and accelerated aging","volume":"29","author":"Bogeska","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pathol-011110-130138","article-title":"Alternative macrophage activation and metabolism","volume":"6","author":"Odegaard","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pathol"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-013-3139-y","article-title":"Local proliferation of macrophages in adipose tissue during obesity-induced inflammation","volume":"57","author":"Haase","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI29881","article-title":"Obesity induces a phenotypic switch in adipose tissue macrophage polarization","volume":"117","author":"Lumeng","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.2337\/db06-1076","article-title":"Increased inflammatory properties of adipose tissue macrophages recruited during diet-induced obesity","volume":"56","author":"Lumeng","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI88876","article-title":"Role of innate and adaptive immunity in obesity-associated metabolic disease","volume":"127","author":"McLaughlin","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2885","article-title":"Neutrophils mediate insulin resistance in mice fed a high-fat diet through secreted elastase","volume":"18","author":"Talukdar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2013.03.005","article-title":"Imbalance between neutrophil elastase and its inhibitor \u03b11-antitrypsin in obesity alters insulin sensitivity, inflammation, and energy expenditure","volume":"17","author":"Mansuy-Aubert","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00008.2021","article-title":"Diet-induced obesity in mice impairs host defense against klebsiella pneumonia in vivo and glucose transport and bactericidal functions in neutrophils in vitro","volume":"322","author":"Mancuso","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db06-1491","article-title":"Metabolic endotoxemia initiates obesity and insulin resistance","volume":"56","author":"Cani","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-019-0198-4","article-title":"The intestinal microbiota fuelling metabolic inflammation","volume":"20","author":"Tilg","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v27.i33.5555","article-title":"Gut microbiota-derived metabolites as key mucosal barrier modulators in obesity","volume":"27","author":"Wei","year":"2021","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db07-1403","article-title":"Changes in gut microbiota control metabolic endotoxemia-induced inflammation in high-fat diet-induced obesity and diabetes in mice","volume":"57","author":"Cani","year":"2008","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/87.5.1219","article-title":"Energy intake is associated with endotoxemia in apparently healthy men","volume":"87","author":"Amar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-015-2061-5","article-title":"Gut microbiota and obesity","volume":"73","author":"G\u00e9rard","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(14)70134-2","article-title":"Obesity, inflammation, and the gut microbiota","volume":"3","author":"Cox","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/s13073-016-0303-2","article-title":"Impact of the gut microbiota on inflammation, obesity, and metabolic disease","volume":"8","author":"Boulang\u00e9","year":"2016","journal-title":"Genome Med"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-031210-101322","article-title":"Inflammatory mechanisms in obesity","volume":"29","author":"Gregor","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-012-0643-y","article-title":"Obesity and inflammation: change in adiponectin, c-reactive protein, tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 after bariatric surgery","volume":"22","author":"Ill\u00e1n-G\u00f3mez","year":"2012","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.03.059","article-title":"Obesity, inflammation, and insulin resistance","volume":"132","author":"Shoelson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(06)70523-0","article-title":"Obesity and infection","volume":"6","author":"Falagas","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2012.62","article-title":"Obesity and the risk and outcome of infection","volume":"37","author":"Huttunen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Obes (Lond)"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2018.12.070","article-title":"Skin changes in the obese patient","volume":"81","author":"Hirt","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02389-16","article-title":"Obesity and heart failure as predictors of failure in outpatient skin and soft tissue infections","volume":"61","author":"Conway","year":"2017","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2008.37","article-title":"Effect of weight loss on proinflammatory state of mononuclear cells in obese women","volume":"16","author":"Sheu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Obes (Silver Spring)"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc17-2131","article-title":"Risk of infection in type 1 and type 2 diabetes compared with the general population: A matched cohort study","volume":"41","author":"Carey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc19-1393","article-title":"Glycemic control and risk of cellulitis","volume":"44","author":"Zacay","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2007.541","article-title":"Burden of infection and fat mass in healthy middle-aged men","volume":"15","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Real","year":"2007","journal-title":"Obes (Silver Spring)"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0200164","article-title":"Increased body fat percentage in patients with hepatitis b and c virus infection","volume":"13","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.119.015189","article-title":"Combined influence of waist and hip circumference on risk of death in a Large cohort of European and Australian adults","volume":"9","author":"Cameron","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fendo.2022.996863\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,7]],"date-time":"2022-12-07T06:58:18Z","timestamp":1670396298000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fendo.2022.996863\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,7]]},"references-count":80,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fendo.2022.996863"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2022.996863","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-2392"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-2392","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,7]]},"article-number":"996863"}}