{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T15:51:22Z","timestamp":1753890682993,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]],"date-time":"2022-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669248000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The inertia of insulin initiation is a barrier to achieving glycemic control when oral antidiabetic drugs fail to control glucose during the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Insulin initiation is usually based on glycated hemoglobin A1c (A1C). To investigate whether there is another index for insulin initiation besides A1C, we conducted a cross-sectional survey in the real world.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a multicenter cross-section survey with a total of 1034 T2D patients. All patients, at the time of the survey, decided to initiate insulin therapy due to failure of controlling glucose using only oral antidiabetic drugs. We analyzed the differences of blood glucose between patients who were tested for A1C and those who were not.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>666 (64.4%) patients were tested A1C and 368 (35.6%) were not. Neither fasting blood glucose (FBG) (12.0 \u00b1 2.9 vs 12.3 \u00b1 2.9 mmol\/L, t = 1.494, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.135) nor postprandial blood glucose (PBG) (18.4 \u00b1 4.8 vs 17.9 \u00b1 4.8 mmol\/L, t = 1.315, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.189) were significantly different between patients with and without A1C.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results demonstrated that initiating insulin based on FBG or PBG is a common clinical practice, at least in China; moreover, since it is easier to obtain than A1C, it can be a simple and effective way to overcome clinical inertia for initiating insulin.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.998210","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]],"date-time":"2022-11-24T06:02:12Z","timestamp":1669269732000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Blood glucose may be another index to initiate insulin treatment besides glycated hemoglobin A1c after oral antidiabetic medications failure for glycemic control: A real\u2013world survey"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yanli","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Shu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianhao","family":"Pei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shiping","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guangda","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenbo","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pengfei","family":"Shan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heng","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dewen","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wangen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199309303291401","article-title":"The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus","volume":"329","author":"Nathan","year":"1993","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)07019-6","article-title":"Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33)","volume":"352","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4158\/CS-2019-0472","article-title":"Consensus statement by the american association of clinical endocrinologists and american college of endocrinology on the comprehensive type 2 diabetes management algorithm - 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