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Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the leading cause of curable endocrine hypertension, which is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular and metabolic insults compared to essential hypertension. Aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) is a major cause of PA, which can be treated with adrenalectomy. Somatic mutations are the main pathogenesis of aldosterone overproduction in APA, of which <jats:italic>KCNJ5<\/jats:italic> somatic mutations are most common, especially in Asian countries. This article aimed to review the literature on the impacts of <jats:italic>KCNJ5<\/jats:italic> somatic mutations on systemic organ damage.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Evidence acquisition<\/jats:title><jats:p>PubMed literature research using keywords combination, including \u201caldosterone-producing adenoma,\u201d \u201csomatic mutations,\u201d \u201c<jats:italic>KCNJ5<\/jats:italic>,\u201d \u201corgan damage,\u201d \u201ccardiovascular,\u201d \u201cdiastolic function,\u201d \u201cmetabolic syndrome,\u201d \u201cautonomous cortisol secretion,\u201d etc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>APA patients with <jats:italic>KCNJ5<\/jats:italic> somatic mutations are generally younger, female, have higher aldosterone levels, lower potassium levels, larger tumor size, and higher hypertension cure rate after adrenalectomy. This review focuses on the cardiovascular and metabolic aspects of <jats:italic>KCNJ5<\/jats:italic> somatic mutations in APA patients, including left ventricular remodeling and diastolic function, abdominal aortic thickness and calcification, arterial stiffness, metabolic syndrome, abdominal adipose tissue, and correlation with autonomous cortisol secretion. Furthermore, we discuss modalities to differentiate the types of mutations before surgery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>KCNJ5<\/jats:italic> somatic mutations in patients with APA had higher left ventricular mass (LVM), more impaired diastolic function, thicker aortic wall, lower incidence of metabolic syndrome, and possibly a lower incidence of concurrent autonomous cortisol secretion, but better improvement in LVM, diastolic function, arterial stiffness, and aortic wall thickness after adrenalectomy compared to patients without <jats:italic>KCNJ5<\/jats:italic> mutations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1061704","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,6]],"date-time":"2023-03-06T06:15:53Z","timestamp":1678083353000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Cardiovascular and metabolic characters of KCNJ5 somatic mutations in primary aldosteronism"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Yi-Yao","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo-Ching","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zheng-Wei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng-Hsuan","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chin-Chen","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Che-Wei","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chien-Ting","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kang-Yung","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chia-Hung","family":"Chou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ching-Chu","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vin-Cent","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi-Sheng","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yen-Hung","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"TAIPAI 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