{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]],"date-time":"2026-01-02T17:19:55Z","timestamp":1767374395348,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]],"date-time":"2023-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677024000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) is used for unblinded or blinded monitoring of interstitial glucose. We aimed to compare the efficacy of blinded and unblinded isCGM with the FreeStyle Libre system for glycemic control in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Research design and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This randomized clinical trial conducted between October 2018 and September 2019 across four endocrinology practices in China included 273 adults aged \u226518 years with T1D, who were randomly divided in a 2:1 ratio into the unblinded (n = 199) or blinded isCGM group (n = 78). In the blinded group, the clinician used FreeStyle Libre Pro system for monitoring, but self-monitoring was also performed by the patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two hundred sixteen (78%) participants completed the study (152 [75%] in the unblinded and 64 [82%] in the blinded group). At 12 weeks, a significant increase in TIR (3.9-10.0 mmol\/L) was only observed in the unblinded group, along with a significant decrease in hyperglycemia (&amp;gt;13.9 mmol\/L), hypoglycemia (&amp;lt;3.0 mmol\/L), glycemic variability. Further, the mean HbA1c reduction from baseline to 12 weeks was 0.5% in the unblinded isCGM group and 0.4% in the blinded isCGM group respectively (P &amp;lt; 0.001), but the significance did not remain after adjustment for between-group differences. Finally, 99.5% of the blinded isCGM values and 93.8% the of unblinded isCGM values were obtained at the final visit.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The unblinded isCGM system was associated with benefits for glucose management, but nearly 100% of the attempted profiles were obtained successfully with the blinded isCGM system. Thus, combining real-time and retrospective data with isCGM might be the most impactful way to utilize flash glycemic monitoring devices.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1110845","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]],"date-time":"2023-02-22T09:26:13Z","timestamp":1677057973000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Efficacy of unblinded and blinded intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring for glycemic control in adults with type 1 diabetes"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Lixin","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuxiu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinhua","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongyu","family":"Kuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaofan","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xianbo","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31535-5","article-title":"Novel glucose-sensing technology and hypoglycaemia in type 1 diabetes: a multicentre, non-masked, randomised controlled trial","volume":"388","author":"Bolinder","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.19975","article-title":"Effect of continuous glucose monitoring on glycemic control in adults with type 1 diabetes using insulin injections: The DIAMOND randomized clinical trial","volume":"317","author":"Beck","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-017-4527-5","article-title":"Impact of flash glucose monitoring on hypoglycaemia in adults with type 1 diabetes managed with multiple daily injection therapy: a pre-specified subgroup analysis of the IMPACT randomised controlled trial","volume":"61","author":"Oskarsson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0805017","article-title":"Continuous glucose monitoring and intensive treatment of type 1 diabetes","volume":"359","author":"Tamborlane","year":"2008","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-1989","article-title":"Effect of continuous glucose monitoring on hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes","volume":"34","author":"Battelino","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.19976","article-title":"Continuous glucose monitoring vs conventional therapy for glycemic control in adults with type 1 diabetes treated with multiple daily insulin injections: The GOLD randomized clinical trial","volume":"317","author":"Lind","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.6928","article-title":"Effect of continuous glucose monitoring on hypoglycemia in older adults with type 1 diabetes: A randomized clinical trial","volume":"323","author":"Pratley","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108502","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2020.108502","article-title":"Continuous glucose monitoring: the achievement of 100 years of innovation in diabetes technology","volume":"170","author":"Galindo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc19-1610","article-title":"Quality of life and glucose control after 1 year of nationwide reimbursement of intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring in adults living with type 1 diabetes (FUTURE): A prospective observational real-world cohort study","volume":"43","author":"Charleer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"B10","unstructured":"Abbott Diabetes care. 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