{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T00:54:47Z","timestamp":1769043287532,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,25]],"date-time":"2023-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690243200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Turner syndrome association with multi-organ system comorbidities highlights the need for effective implementation of follow-up guidelines. We aimed to assess the adequacy of care with international guidelines published in 2007 and 2017 and to describe the phenotype of patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this multicenter retrospective descriptive cohort study, we collected growth and pubertal parameters, associated comorbidities, treatment, and karyotype in patients diagnosed at age &amp;lt;18 years between 1993 and 2022. We assessed age-appropriate recommendation follow-up (children, adolescents and adults) according to the 2007 guidelines if the last visit was before 2017 (18 recommendations) and the 2017 guidelines if the last visit was after 2017 (19 recommendations).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We included 68 patients followed at Lausanne University Hospital (n=64) and at Neuchatel Regional Hospital (RHNe) (n=4). 2.9% of patients underwent all recommended investigations.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Overall, 68.9 \u00b1 22.5% and 78.5 \u00b1 20.6% of the recommendations were followed, before and after 2017 respectively. High implementation rates were found for height, weight and BMI (100%), cardiac (80 to 100%) and renal (90 to 100%) imaging. Low implementation rates were found for Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) (56.5%), skin (38.5%), dental (23.1%), ophthalmological (10%) and cholestasis (0 to 29%) assessments, depending on age and time of visit. In adults (n=33), the mean proportion of followed recommendations was lower before than after 2017: 63.5 \u00b1 25.8% vs. 78.7 \u00b1 23.4%, p=0.039.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Growth parameters, cardiac and renal imaging are well followed. However, efforts should be made for dental, ENT, ophthalmological, skin and cholestasis assessments. Adequacy of follow-up improved with the quality of transition to adult care.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1190670","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,25]],"date-time":"2023-07-25T21:19:48Z","timestamp":1690319988000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Turner syndrome: skin, liver, eyes, dental and ENT evaluation should be improved"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Jenny","family":"Lam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Stoppa-Vaucher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Cristina","family":"Antoniou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Th\u00e9r\u00e8se","family":"Bouthors","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Inge","family":"Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Sekarski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Rutz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Fries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pierre Alain","family":"Binz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Florence Niel","family":"B\u00fctschi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Vulliemoz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aneta","family":"Gawlik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nelly","family":"Pitteloud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Hauschild","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kanetee","family":"Busiah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-019-0224-4","article-title":"Turner syndrome: mechanisms and management","volume":"15","author":"Gravholt","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-1374","article-title":"Care of girls and women with turner syndrome: A guideline of the turner syndrome study group","volume":"92","author":"Bondy","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"G1","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-17-0430","article-title":"Clinical practice guidelines for the care of girls and women with Turner syndrome: proceedings from the 2016 Cincinnati International Turner Syndrome Meeting","volume":"177","author":"Gravholt","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"B4","first-page":"29","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factors (IGF) and their binding proteins (IGFBP). 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