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Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Relationships of the polymorphisms in fat mass and obesity-associated gene (<jats:italic>FTO<\/jats:italic>) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta gene (<jats:italic>PPARD<\/jats:italic>) with metabolic-related diseases remain to be clarified.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>One thousand three hundred and eighty-one subjects were enrolled. Metabolic-related diseases including obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperhomocysteinemia, hyperuricemia, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and coronary artery disease (CAD) were defined based on diagnostic criteria. <jats:italic>FTO<\/jats:italic> rs9939609 and rs17817449, and <jats:italic>PPARD<\/jats:italic> rs2016520 and rs2267668 polymorphisms were genotyped by using polymerase chain reaction-restricted fragment length polymorphism method.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with T2DM or dyslipidemia had a higher frequency of AA, AT or AA + AT genotypes as well as A allele of <jats:italic>FTO<\/jats:italic> rs9939609 polymorphism than those free of T2DM or dyslipidemia (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> \u2264 0.04 for all). Patients with T2DM or dyslipidemia had a higher frequency of GG, GT or GG + GT genotypes as well as G allele of <jats:italic>FTO<\/jats:italic> rs17817449 polymorphism than those free of T2DM or dyslipidemia (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> \u2264 0.03 for all). Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that <jats:italic>FTO<\/jats:italic> rs9939609 and rs17817449 polymorphisms were independently associated with T2DM as well as dyslipidemia after adjustment for age, sex, smoking and other metabolic diseases. <jats:italic>FTO<\/jats:italic> rs9939609 and rs17817449 polymorphisms were not associated with obesity, hyperhomocysteinemia, hyperuricemia, hypertension and CAD. Obese or T2DM carriers of the AA or AT genotype of the <jats:italic>FTO<\/jats:italic> rs9939609 polymorphism had a higher prevalence of dyslipidemia compared to non-obese or non-T2DM carriers of the AA or AT genotype (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.03 for both). Among the carriers of GG or GT genotype of the <jats:italic>FTO<\/jats:italic> rs17817449 polymorphism, the prevalence of dyslipidemia in obese patients was higher than that in non-obese subjects (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.01). <jats:italic>PPARD<\/jats:italic> rs2016520 and rs2267668 polymorphisms were not correlated with any of the metabolic-related diseases in the study population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Minor alleles of <jats:italic>FTO<\/jats:italic> rs9939609 and rs17817449 polymorphisms confer a higher risk of T2DM and dyslipidemia, and the risk is further increased among obese individuals. <jats:italic>PPARD<\/jats:italic> rs2016520 and rs2267668 polymorphisms are not associated with metabolic-related diseases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1249070","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,15]],"date-time":"2023-12-15T11:06:26Z","timestamp":1702638386000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Minor alleles of FTO rs9939609 and rs17817449 polymorphisms confer a higher risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia, but not coronary artery disease in a Chinese Han 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