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Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to explore the impact of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa) on final adult height (FAH) in girls with early and fast puberty.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective study was conducted by reviewing data from the medical records of the Pediatric Endocrinology Clinics between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2020, at MacKay Children\u2019s Hospital. The treatment group included 109 patients who received 3.75 mg monthly for at least 1 year, whereas the control group consisted of 95 girls who received no treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The treatment group was significantly older at the time of inclusion(chronological age (CA1), treatment vs. control, 8.7 vs. 8.4 years, p &amp;lt; 0.001), had a more advanced bone age (BA) (BA1, 11.5 vs. 10.8 years, p &amp;lt; 0.001), BA1-CA1 (2.7 vs. 2.2 years, p &amp;lt; 0.001), and shorter predicted adult height (PAH1) (153.3 vs. 157.1 cm, p = 0.005) that was significantly lower than their target height (Tht)(PAH1-Tht, \u22123.9 vs. \u22121.3 cm, p = 0.039). The FAHs of the GnRHa and the control group were similar (157.0 vs. 156.7 cm, p = 0.357) and were not significantly different from their Tht (FAH vs. Tht in the GnRHa group, 157.0 vs. 157.0 cm; control group, 156.7 vs. 157.0 cm). In the subgroup analysis, FAH was significantly higher after GnRHa treatment in those with PAH1 less than 153 cm and Tht (154.0 vs. 152.0 cm, p = 0.041), and those whose CA1 was between 8 and 9 years (158.0 vs. 155.4 cm, p = 0.004). We defined satisfactory FAH outcome as FAH-PAH1\u22655 cm and significant factors were GnRHa therapy, PAH1 shorter than their Tht, age younger than 9 years, and faster growth velocity during the first year.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>GnRHa is effective in restoring the Tht in some early and fast pubertal girls, especially in those with poorly PAH (PAH lower than 153 cm and shorter than their target height). A younger age at initiation of treatment and a faster growth velocity during treatment are associated with a better height gain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1271395","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,3]],"date-time":"2023-11-03T10:11:52Z","timestamp":1699006312000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The effects of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist on final adult height among girls with early and fast puberty"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Chin-Hui","family":"Tseng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yann-Jinn","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi-Yu","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Lei","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu-Ting","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao-Hsu","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bi-Wen","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fu-Sung","family":"Lo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Jun","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei-Hsin","family":"Ting","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119152712","volume-title":"Brook's clinical pediatric endocrinology","author":"Dattani","year":"2019"},{"key":"B2","unstructured":"National Health Insurance Administration,Ministry of Health and WelfarePharmaceutical Benefit and Reimbursement Scheme2022"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/beem.2001.0187","article-title":"Early puberty in girls","volume":"16","author":"Mul","year":"2002","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.81.4.329","article-title":"Randomised trial of LHRH analogue treatment on final height in girls with onset of puberty aged 7.5-8.5 years","volume":"81","author":"Cassio","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00008480-200008000-00020","article-title":"Management of central isosexual precocity: diagnosis, treatment, outcome","volume":"12","author":"Lebrethon","year":"2000","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pediatr"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-18-0473","article-title":"GnRH analog is ineffective in increasing adult height in girls with puberty onset after 7 years of age: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"179","author":"Franzini","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.14214","article-title":"Adult height after gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist treatment in girls with early puberty: A meta-analysis","volume":"93","author":"Park","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-09-1102","article-title":"GNRH analog therapy in girls with early puberty is associated with the achievement of predicted final height but also with increased risk of polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"163","author":"Chiavaroli","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1159\/000185432","article-title":"Final height of girls with central precocious puberty, untreated versus treated with cyproterone acetate or GnRH analogue. 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