{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T14:29:53Z","timestamp":1790951393677,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,27]],"date-time":"2023-12-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703635200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Non-diabetic women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) often have abnormal insulin regulation. Calpain 10 (CALP10) is a biomarker of type 2 diabetes mellitus, with some of its single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) influencing PCOS development.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this case-control study on 90 women each with and without PCOS, we explored the molecular role of five CALP10 SNPs using biochemical parameters and Sanger sequencing analyses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Different genetic models, genotypes, and allele frequencies were significantly associated with UCSNP-19 (rs3842570; p=0.01), UCSNP-44 (rs2975760; p=0.009), UCSNP-56 (rs2975762; p&amp;lt;0.0001), and UCSNP-63 (rs5030952; p=0.0003) in women with PCOS. The multiple logistic regression model showed a strong association of CALP10 SNPs with fasting blood glucose (p&amp;lt;0.001). ANOVA showed significant associations with various biochemical parameters such as FSH (p=0.0001) in UCSNP-19 (rs3842570), FI (p=0.002), TG (p=0.01) in UCSNP-56 (rs2975762) and FBG (p=0.001), FI (p=0.004), FSH (p=0.02) &amp;amp; LDLc (p=0.04) in UCSNP-63 (rs5030952) SNPs. Haplotype analysis also revealed significant associations between different combinations of alleles in the studied 5 SNPs in women with PCOS (p&amp;lt;0.05). Generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction analysis showed the best gene\u2013gene interactions among the five SNPs in CALP10I (p&amp;lt;0.05). However, dendrogram and graphical depletion models found no strong association in women with PCOS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In conclusion, this study confirms rs3842570, rs2975760, rs2975767, and rs5030952 SNPs in CALP10 gene is associated in diagnosed PCOS women in the Saudi Arabia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1303747","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,27]],"date-time":"2023-12-27T14:10:16Z","timestamp":1703686216000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Molecular role of non-exonic variants in CALPAIN 10 gene in polycystic ovarian syndrome in Saudi women"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Arwa A.","family":"Alageel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amal F.","family":"Alshammary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Imran","family":"Ali Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/s13048-022-01091-0","article-title":"Insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome across various tissues: An updated review of pathogenesis, evaluation, and treatment","volume":"16","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Ovarian Res"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.3390\/biotech12010004","article-title":"Herbs as a source for the treatment of polycystic ovarian syndrome: A systematic review","volume":"12","author":"Lakshmi","year":"2023","journal-title":"BioTech"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1567","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11061567","article-title":"Immunological and metabolic causes of infertility in polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"11","author":"Kici\u0144ska","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/s12902-022-01208-y","article-title":"Lifestyle management in polycystic ovary syndrome\u2013beyond diet and physical activity","volume":"23","author":"Cowan","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Endocrine Disord"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4074","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12124074","article-title":"Recurrent pregnancy loss etiology, risk factors, diagnosis, and management. 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