{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T13:55:17Z","timestamp":1793800517827,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,29]],"date-time":"2024-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724889600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81471498"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81471498"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to investigate the impact of paternal age &amp;gt; 40 years on clinical pregnancy and perinatal outcomes among patients undergoing <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> fertilization treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We selected 75 male patients (aged &amp;gt; 40 years) based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Propensity score matching was performed in a 1:3 ratio, resulting in a control group (aged \u2264 40 years) of 225 individuals. Various statistical tests, including the Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-square test, Fisher\u2019s exact test, and binary logistic regression, were used to analyze the association between paternal age and clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found no statistically significant differences in semen routine parameters, clinical pregnancy outcomes, and perinatal outcomes between paternal aged &amp;gt; 40 and \u2264 40 years. However, in the subgroup analysis, the live birth rate significantly decreased in those aged \u2265 45 compared to those aged 41\u201342 and 43\u201344 years (31.25% vs. 69.23% and 65%, respectively; all p &amp;lt; 0.05). Additionally, the clinical pregnancy rate was significantly lower among those aged \u2265 45 than among those aged 41\u201342 (43.75% vs. 74.36%; p=0.035).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Paternal age \u2265 45 years was associated with lower live birth and clinical pregnancy rates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1325523","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,29]],"date-time":"2024-08-29T04:49:17Z","timestamp":1724906957000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Effect of paternal age on clinical outcomes of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer 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