{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T18:57:56Z","timestamp":1780513076137,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,26]],"date-time":"2024-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708905600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is the advanced stage of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), one of the most prevalent chronic liver diseases. The effectiveness of bariatric surgery in treating NASH and preventing or even reversing liver fibrosis has been demonstrated in numerous clinical studies, but the underlying mechanisms and crucial variables remain unknown.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using the GSE135251 dataset, we examined the gene expression levels of NASH and healthy livers. Then, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of patients with NASH, at baseline and one year after bariatric surgery, were identified in GSE83452. We overlapped the hub genes performed by protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and DEGs with different expression trends in both datasets to obtain key genes. Genomic enrichment analysis (GSEA) and genomic variation analysis (GSVA) were performed to search for signaling pathways of key genes. Meanwhile, key molecules that regulate the key genes are found through the construction of the ceRNA network. NASH mice were induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) and underwent sleeve gastrectomy (SG). We then cross-linked the DEGs in clinical and animal samples using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and validated the key genes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Seven key genes (FASN, SCD, CD68, HMGCS1, SQLE, CXCL10, IGF1) with different expression trends in GSE135251 and GSE83452 were obtained with the top 30 hub genes selected by PPI. The expression of seven key genes in mice after SG was validated by qPCR. Combined with the qPCR results from NASH mice, the four genes FASN, SCD, HMGCS1, and CXCL10 are consistent with the biological analysis. The GSEA results showed that the \u2018cholesterol homeostasis\u2019 pathway was enriched in the FASN, SCD, HMGCS1, and SQLE high-expression groups. The high-expression groups of CD68 and CXCL10 were extremely enriched in inflammation-related pathways. The construction of the ceRNA network obtained microRNAs and ceRNAs that can regulate seven key genes expression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In summary, this study contributes to our understanding of the mechanisms by which bariatric surgery improves NASH, and to the development of potential biomarkers for the treatment of NASH.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1338889","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,26]],"date-time":"2024-02-26T04:47:39Z","timestamp":1708922859000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Key genes involved in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis improvement after bariatric surgery"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Xiyu","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shi-Zhou","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuze","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunhu","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yayun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanling","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2017.109","article-title":"Global burden of NAFLD and NASH: trends, predictions, risk factors and prevention","volume":"15","author":"Younossi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.30251","article-title":"Global perspectives on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"69","author":"Younossi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hepatol (Baltimore Md)"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.04.014","article-title":"The natural history of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a population-based cohort study","volume":"129","author":"Adams","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gastroenterol"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.2298","article-title":"Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: A review","volume":"323","author":"Sheka","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29367","article-title":"The diagnosis and management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Practice guidance from the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases","volume":"67","author":"Chalasani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hepatol (Baltimore Md)"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-021-00448-y","article-title":"The complex link between NAFLD and type 2 diabetes mellitus - mechanisms and treatments","volume":"18","author":"Targher","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2009.06.007","article-title":"Independent predictors of fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"7","author":"Hossain","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32511-3","article-title":"Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"397","author":"Powell","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet (London England)"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m4747","article-title":"Management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"372","author":"Petroni","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ (Clinical Res ed)"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32649-0","article-title":"Metabolic surgery versus conventional medical therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes: 10-year follow-up of an open-label, single-centre, randomised controlled trial","volume":"397","author":"Mingrone","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet (London England)"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1290","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.06.006","article-title":"Bariatric surgery provides long-term resolution of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and regression of fibrosis","volume":"159","author":"Lassailly","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201903-0692OC","article-title":"Effect of weight loss on upper airway anatomy and the apnea-hypopnea index. 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