{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:13:09Z","timestamp":1787026389656,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,6]],"date-time":"2024-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707177600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The use of new technologies presents an opportunity to promote physical activity, especially among young people with type 1 diabetes (T1DM), who tend to be less active compared to their healthy counterparts. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of a personalized resistance exercise program, facilitated by the Diactive-1 App, on insulin requirements among children and adolescents diagnosed with T1DM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A minimum of 52 children and adolescents aged 8-18 years, who were diagnosed with T1DM at least 6 months ago, will be randomly assigned to either a group engaging in an individualized resistance exercise program at least 3 times per week over a 24-week period or a waiting-list control group. The primary outcome will be the daily insulin dose requirement. The secondary outcomes will include glycemic control, cardiometabolic profile, body composition, vascular function, physical fitness, 24-hour movement behaviors, diet, and psychological parameters. The usability of the app will also be assessed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ethical approval to conduct this study has been granted by the University Hospital of Navarra Research Board (PI_2020\/140). Parents or legal guardians of minors participating in the study will provide written consent, while children and adolescents will sign an assent form to indicate their voluntary agreement. The trial\u2019s main findings will be shared through conference presentations, peer-reviewed publications, and communication directly with participating families. This study aims to offer valuable insights into the holistic management of children and adolescents with T1DM by utilizing personalized exercise interventions through an mHealth system.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>NCT06048757<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1354734","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,6]],"date-time":"2024-02-06T00:04:36Z","timestamp":1707177876000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Comprehensive management of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus through personalized physical exercise and education using an mHealth system: The Diactive-1 study protocol"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Ignacio","family":"Hormaz\u00e1bal-Aguayo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacinto","family":"Mu\u00f1oz-Pardeza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Francisco","family":"L\u00f3pez-Gil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nidia","family":"Huerta-Uribe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda J.","family":"Chueca-Guindulain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Berrade-Zubiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabet","family":"Burillo S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikel","family":"Izquierdo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasmin","family":"Ezzatvar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Garc\u00eda-Hermoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","volume-title":"IDF diabetes atlas","author":"Magliano","year":"2021"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.12840","article-title":"Glycemic extremes are related to cognitive dysfunction in children with type 1 diabetes: A meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"He","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Diabetes Investig"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa052187","article-title":"Intensive diabetes treatment and cardiovascular disease in patients with type 1 diabetes","volume":"353","author":"Nathan","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.1226","article-title":"Diabetic polyneuropathies: update on research definition, diagnostic criteria and estimation of severity: Diabetic Polyneuropathies","volume":"27","author":"Dyck","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Res Rev"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.13.1.34","article-title":"Effect of pregnancy on progression of diabetic retinopathy","volume":"13","author":"Klein","year":"1990","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2011.16","article-title":"Long-term renal outcomes of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and microalbuminuria: an analysis of the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial\/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications cohort","volume":"171","author":"De Boer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc08-9021","article-title":"Comprehensive foot examination and risk assessment","volume":"31","author":"Boulton","year":"2008","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis346","article-title":"2012 Infectious diseases society of america clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic foot infectionsa","volume":"54","author":"Lipsky","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc15-0078","article-title":"Current state of type 1 diabetes treatment in the U.S.: updated data from the T1D exchange clinic registry","volume":"38","author":"Miller","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc24-S014","article-title":"14. 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