{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T00:12:37Z","timestamp":1778544757116,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,4]],"date-time":"2024-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720051200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is an observational and retrospective study, in which we have analyzed data from patients affected by gastric diseases (p) who have been treated with liquid L-T4 (L-LT4;84 p), or tablet L-T4 (T-LT4;120 p), for the replacement therapy of hypothyroidism. The aim of the study is to compare the stability of TSH [normal range, 0.3-3.5 \u03bcIU\/ml] in these patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>All p assumed L-T4 30 minutes before breakfast. The types of gastric disease were: a) T-LT4 group: 74 chronic gastritis (CG); 4 gastrectomy for gastric cancer (GTx); 42 gastro-plastics (GP); b) L-LT4 group: 60 CG; 3 GTx; 21 GP (p&amp;gt;0.05). 66% p in T-LT4 group were chronically treated with proton pump inhibitors (PPI), against 51% in L-LT4 group (p&amp;gt;0.05). The frequency of Helicobacter Pylori infection was 17% in both T-LT4 and L-LT4 groups. The gender distribution, mean age and body weight were similar in the 2 groups (p&amp;gt;0.05). The mean L-T4 dosage in T-LT4 group at the basal evaluation was 1.22+\/-0.27 \u03bcg\/kg\/die, in the L-LT4 group 1.36+\/-0.22 \u03bcg\/kg\/die (p&amp;gt;0.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>At the basal evaluation the prevalence of patients with a TSH&amp;gt;3.5 \u03bcIU\/mL in T-LT4 group was 36%, in L-LT4 group 46% (p&amp;lt;0.05). After adjustment of the dosage of the LT-4 therapy, the p were re-evaluated in an interval range of 5-9 months, for 4 times, during an overall period ranging from 23 to 31 months. At the first re-evaluation, the prevalence of p with a TSH&amp;gt;3.5 \u03bcIU\/mL was 13% in both groups. At the second re-evaluation, the prevalence of p with a TSH&amp;gt;3.5 \u03bcIU\/mL in T-LT4 group was 26%, in L-LT4 group 13% (p&amp;gt;0.05). At the third re-evaluation, the prevalence of p with TSH&amp;lt;3.5 \u03bcIU\/mL in T-LT4 group was 19%, in L-LT4 group 9% (p=0.05). At the fourth and last re-evaluation, the prevalence of patients with a TSH&amp;gt;3.5 \u03bcIU\/mL in T-LT4 group was 18%, in L-LT4 group 5% (p&amp;lt;0.05). Mean FT4 and FT3 circulating levels were not significantly different in the two group at each visit.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>These data suggest that the liquid L-T4 formulation therapy can result in a more stable control of TSH levels in hypothyroid patients with gastric disorders in the long-term follow-up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1386629","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,4]],"date-time":"2024-07-04T04:27:06Z","timestamp":1720067226000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Liquid L-T4 therapy in hypothyroid patients with gastric diseases, an observational study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Poupak","family":"Fallahi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Ragusa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Armando","family":"Patrizio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Mazzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Botrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giusy","family":"Elia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eugenia","family":"Balestri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emilio","family":"Barozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Licia","family":"Rugani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Palmisano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Carla","family":"Cosenza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gilda","family":"Varricchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salvatore","family":"Ulisse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salvatore","family":"Benvenga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silvia Martina","family":"Ferrari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Antonelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198703263161302","article-title":"Replacement dose, metabolism, and bioavailability of levothyroxine in the treatment of hypothyroidism. 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