{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T12:50:29Z","timestamp":1793019029388,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":147,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,11]],"date-time":"2024-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720656000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Spermatogenesis is a multi-step biological process where mitotically active diploid (2n) spermatogonia differentiate into haploid (n) spermatozoa via regulated meiotic programming. The alarming rise in male infertility has become a global concern during the past decade thereby demanding an extensive profiling of testicular gene expression. Advancements in Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) technologies have revolutionized our empathy towards complex biological events including spermatogenesis. However, despite multiple attempts made in the past to reveal the testicular transcriptional signature(s) either with bulk tissues or at the single-cell, level, comprehensive reviews on testicular transcriptomics and associated disorders are limited. Notably, technologies explicating the genome-wide gene expression patterns during various stages of spermatogenic progression provide the dynamic molecular landscape of testicular transcription. Our review discusses the advantages of single-cell RNA-sequencing (Sc-RNA-seq) over bulk RNA-seq concerning testicular tissues. Additionally, we highlight the cellular heterogeneity, spatial transcriptomics, dynamic gene expression and cell-to-cell interactions with distinct cell populations within the testes including germ cells (Gc), Sertoli cells (Sc), Peritubular cells (PTc), Leydig cells (Lc), etc. Furthermore, we provide a summary of key finding of single-cell transcriptomic studies that have shed light on developmental mechanisms implicated in testicular disorders and male infertility. These insights emphasize the pivotal roles of Sc-RNA-seq in advancing our knowledge regarding testicular transcriptional landscape and may serve as a potential resource to formulate future clinical interventions for male reproductive health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1394812","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,11]],"date-time":"2024-07-11T00:29:30Z","timestamp":1720657770000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Understanding testicular single cell transcriptional atlas: from developmental complications to male infertility"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Munichandra Babu","family":"Tirumalasetty","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Indrashis","family":"Bhattacharya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Sarif","family":"Mohiuddin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vijaya Bhaskar","family":"Baki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mayank","family":"Choubey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmv016","article-title":"Infertility around the globe: new thinking on gender, reproductive technologies and global movements in the 21st century","volume":"21","author":"Inhorn","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-023-00459-w","article-title":"Male infertility","volume":"9","author":"Eisenberg","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32667-2","article-title":"Male infertility","volume":"397","author":"Agarwal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1110572","article-title":"Revisiting the gonadotropic regulation of mammalian spermatogenesis: evolving lessons during the past decade","volume":"14","author":"Bhattacharya","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41585-018-0003-3","article-title":"Genetics of male infertility","volume":"15","author":"Krausz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Urol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(16)30040-7","article-title":"Novel concepts in the aetiology of male reproductive impairment","volume":"5","author":"Tournaye","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21051728","article-title":"Molecular biology of spermatogenesis: novel targets of apparently idiopathic male infertility","volume":"21","author":"Cannarella","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbiomolbio.2013.01.002","article-title":"Genomic and post-genomic leads toward regulation of spermatogenesis","volume":"113","author":"Majumdar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Prog Biophys Mol Biol"},{"key":"B9","first-page":"1","article-title":"Mammalian spermatogenesis","volume-title":"Histological and histopathological evaluation of the testis","author":"Russell","year":"1990"},{"key":"B10","volume-title":"Regulation of spermatogenesis. 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