{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T15:51:59Z","timestamp":1753890719771,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,12]],"date-time":"2024-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726099200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a cardiac disease with a poor prognosis of unclear etiology. Previous studies have shown that metabolism is associated with DCM. This study investigates the causal relationship between 1400 metabolites and DCM using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study utilized data from the OpenGWAS database, comprising 355,381 Europeans, including 1,444 DCM cases. A total of 1,400 metabolites were evaluated for their causal association with DCM. Instrumental variables (IVs) were selected based on genetic variation and used in the MR analysis. The primary analysis method was inverse variance weighting (IVW), supplemented by weighted median-based estimation and sensitivity analyses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the 1,400 metabolites analyzed, 52 were identified as causally associated with DCM. The analysis revealed both positively and negatively correlated metabolites with DCM risk. Notable findings include the positive correlation of Tryptophan betaine and 5-methyluridine (ribothymidine) levels, and an inverse association of Myristoleate and Erythronate levels with DCM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study provides significant insights into the metabolites potentially involved in the pathogenesis of DCM. These findings could pave the way for new therapeutic strategies and biomarker identification in DCM management.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1423142","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,12]],"date-time":"2024-09-12T04:21:42Z","timestamp":1726114902000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Causal association between 1400 metabolites and dilated cardiomyopathy: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization 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