{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T15:44:46Z","timestamp":1792683886428,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,11]],"date-time":"2024-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ischemic stroke-associated pneumonia (iSAP) affects about 10% of acute ischemic stroke patients during hospitalization. Current prediction scales for iSAP are insufficient. Identifying early biomarkers for stroke-associated pneumonia is crucial for improving patient outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of euthyroid sick syndrome (ESS) for iSAP in acute-stage of ischemic stroke patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We studied 1767 acute ischemic stroke patients within one week of symptom onset, categorizing them into an infection group (iSAP, n=376) and control group (control, n=1391). COX regression analysis was used to identify the potential risk and protected factors. Kaplan-Meier time-event curves and Log-Rank tests were performed to differentiate infection time in patients with ESS or normal T3 group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The iSAP group had higher rates of risk factors like older age, atrial fibrillation, COPD, and ESS, along with elevated levels of WBC, CRP,and FT4 levels (all P &amp;lt; 0.001). Conversely, iSAP patients had lower GCS scores, eGFR, TSH, T3, FT3 (all P &amp;lt; 0.001) and T4 levels (P = 0.005) upon admission. No significant differences were observed in sex, smoking history, hypertension, diabetes, or LDL-C levels (P &amp;gt; 0.05). COX regression analysis identified age, KWST scores, leukocyte count, CRP, and ESS (all P &amp;lt; 0.001) as significantly correlated with iSAP. ROC analysis revealed ESS as a predictor with sensitivity of 35.64% and specificity of 87.92% for SAP prediction, like atrial fibrillation and higher than COPD and eGFR.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ESS at admission predicts a higher risk of stroke-associated pneumonia in acute-stage of ischemic stroke.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1438700","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,10]],"date-time":"2024-11-10T23:38:53Z","timestamp":1731281933000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Euthyroid sick syndrome predicts the risk of ischemic stroke-associated pneumonia in the acute stage of ischemic stroke: a nested case-control 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