{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T04:07:42Z","timestamp":1790395662028,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":103,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]],"date-time":"2024-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724630400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>The hypometabolism induced by fasting has great potential in maintaining health and improving survival in extreme environments, among which thyroid hormone (TH) plays an important role in the adaptation and the formation of new energy metabolism homeostasis during long-term fasting. In the present review, we emphasize the potential of long-term fasting to improve physical health and emergency rescue in extreme environments, introduce the concept and pattern of fasting and its impact on the body\u2019s energy metabolism consumption. Prolonged fasting has more application potential in emergency rescue in special environments. The changes of THs caused by fasting, including serum biochemical characteristics, responsiveness of the peripheral and central hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis, and differential changes of TH metabolism, are emphasized in particular. It was proposed that the variability between brain and liver tissues in THs uptake, deiodination activation and inactivation is the key regulatory mechanism for the cause of peripheral THs decline and central homeostasis. While hypothalamic tanycytes play a pivotal role in the fine regulation of the HPT negative feedback regulation during long-term fasting. The study progress of tanycytes on thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) release and deiodination is described in detail. In conclusion, the combination of the decrease of TH metabolism in peripheral tissues and stability in the central HPT axis maintains the basal physiological requirement and new energy metabolism homeostasis to adapt to long-term food scarcity. The molecular mechanisms of this localized and differential regulation will be a key research direction for developing measures for hypometabolic applications in extreme environment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1443051","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]],"date-time":"2024-08-26T04:42:22Z","timestamp":1724647342000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["The influence of extended fasting on thyroid hormone: local and differentiated regulatory mechanisms"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Xiukun","family":"Sui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siyu","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongyu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hailong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaxiu","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linjie","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yinghui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhongquan","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000357765","article-title":"Fasting therapy for treating and preventing disease - current state of evidence","volume":"20","author":"Michalsen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Forsch Komplementarmedizin 2006"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.Cd-21-0030","article-title":"Fasting-mimicking diet is safe and reshapes metabolism and antitumor immunity in patients with cancer","volume":"12","author":"Vernieri","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Discovery"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5677","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-33352-3","article-title":"Fatty acids homeostasis during fasting predicts protection from chemotherapy toxicity","volume":"13","author":"Barradas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890.2020.1770849","article-title":"Unravelling the health effects of fasting: A long road from obesity treatment to healthy life span increase and improved cognition","volume":"52","author":"Wilhelmi de Toledo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4565(02)00003-7","article-title":"Fasting hypometabolism and thermoregulation in cold-adapted rats","volume":"27","author":"P\u00e9terv\u00e1ri","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Therm Biol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5796.331","article-title":"Influence of malnutrition on the body temperature of children","volume":"1","author":"Brooke","year":"1972","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abd8034","article-title":"A randomized controlled trial to isolate the effects of fasting and energy restriction on weight loss and metabolic health in lean adults","volume":"13","author":"Templeman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1111\/1747-0080.12372","article-title":"Is two days of intermittent energy restriction per week a feasible weight loss approach in obese males? 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