{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T13:37:11Z","timestamp":1788183431914,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":146,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]],"date-time":"2025-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736380800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cardiac hypertrophy is an adaptive response to pressure or volume overload such as hypertension and ischemic heart diseases. Sustained cardiac hypertrophy eventually leads to heart failure. The pathophysiological alterations of hypertrophy are complex, involving both cellular and molecular systems. Understanding the molecular events that inhibit or repress cardiac hypertrophy may help identify novel therapeutic strategies. Increasing evidence has indicated that extracellular vesicle (EV)-derived microRNAs (miRNAs) play a significant role in the development and progression of cardiac hypertrophy. In this review, we briefly review recent advancements in EV research, especially on biogenesis, cargoes and its role in cardiac hypertrophy. We then describe the latest findings regarding EV-derived miRNAs, highlighting their functions and regulatory mechanisms in cardiac hypertrophy. Finally, the potential role of EV-derived miRNAs as targets in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiac hypertrophy will be discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1444940","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]],"date-time":"2025-01-09T05:10:53Z","timestamp":1736399453000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Extracellular vesicular microRNAs and cardiac hypertrophy"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Hai","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiulian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhanli","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI62839","article-title":"Signaling effectors underlying pathologic growth and remodeling of the heart","volume":"123","author":"van Berlo","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2017.04.025","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms underlying cardiac adaptation to exercise","volume":"25","author":"Vega","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-018-0007-y","article-title":"Mechanisms of physiological and pathological cardiac hypertrophy","volume":"15","author":"Nakamura","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.114.300584","article-title":"Role of exosomes in myocardial remodeling","volume":"114","author":"Waldenstr\u00f6m","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.01167.2011","article-title":"Cross talk between cardiac myocytes and fibroblasts: from multiscale investigative approaches to mechanisms and functional consequences","volume":"303","author":"Zhang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2018.00101","article-title":"Cardiomyocyte-endothelial cell interactions in cardiac remodeling and regeneration","volume":"5","author":"Talman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2007.061078","article-title":"Classic interleukin-6 receptor signaling and interleukin-6 trans-signaling differentially control angiotensin II-dependent hypertension, cardiac signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 activation, and vascular hypertrophy","volume":"171","author":"Coles","year":"2007","journal-title":"vivo. Am J Pathol"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.148635","article-title":"Interleukin 6 mediates myocardial fibrosis, concentric hypertrophy, and diastolic dysfunction in rats","volume":"56","author":"Mel\u00e9ndez","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e35144","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0035144","article-title":"Macrophage-stimulated cardiac\u00a0fibroblast production of IL-6 is essential for TGF \u03b2\/Smad activation and cardiac fibrosis induced by angiotensin II","volume":"7","author":"Ma","year":"2012","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.117.305349","article-title":"Cardiac nonmyocytes in the hub of cardiac hypertrophy","volume":"117","author":"Kamo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2017.08.002","article-title":"Exosomes as agents of change in the cardiovascular system","volume":"111","author":"Poe","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Mol Cell Cardiol"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.43163","article-title":"Cardiomyocyte-derived small extracellular vesicles can signal eNOS activation in cardiac microvascular endothelial cells to protect against Ischemia\/Reperfusion injury","volume":"10","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.51571","article-title":"Targeted delivery of extracellular vesicles in heart injury","volume":"11","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.06014-11","article-title":"Membrane vesicle release in bacteria, eukaryotes, and archaea: a conserved yet underappreciated aspect of microbial life","volume":"80","author":"Deatherage","year":"2012","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/s00709-015-0887-1","article-title":"Unconventional protein secretion in plants: a critical assessment","volume":"253","author":"Robinson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Protoplasma"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-020-0251-y","article-title":"RNA delivery by extracellular vesicles in mammalian cells and its applications","volume":"21","author":"O\u2019Brien","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000477591","article-title":"Roles of high mobility group box 1 in cardiovascular calcification","volume":"42","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Physiol Biochem"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-020-0389-5","article-title":"Native and bioengineered extracellular vesicles for cardiovascular therapeutics","volume":"17","author":"de Abreu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biosci\/biv084","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles: Composition, biological relevance, and methods of study","volume":"65","author":"Zaborowski","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bioscience"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1002\/term.3155","article-title":"Analysis of the regenerative capacity of human serum exosomes after a simple multistep separation from lipoproteins","volume":"15","author":"de Boer","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Tissue Eng Regener Med"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13578-019-0282-2","article-title":"Exosomes: biogenesis, biologic function and clinical potential","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Biosci"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.119.313115","article-title":"Mechanism of enhanced MerTK-dependent macrophage efferocytosis by extracellular vesicles","volume":"39","author":"de Couto","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.RA119.007537","article-title":"Cardiomyocytes capture stem cell-derived, anti-apoptotic microRNA-214 via clathrin-mediated endocytosis in acute myocardial infarction","volume":"294","author":"Eguchi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12257","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-69297-0","article-title":"Plasma extracellular vesicle proteins are associated with stress-induced myocardial ischemia in women presenting with chest pain","volume":"10","author":"Dekker","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5107","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-84492-3","article-title":"Lysyl oxidase engineered lipid nanovesicles for the treatment of triple negative breast cancer","volume":"11","author":"De Vita","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-021-02037-7","article-title":"Vascular pathologies in chronic kidney disease: pathophysiological mechanisms and novel therapeutic approaches","volume":"99","author":"D\u00fcsing","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Mol Med (Berl)"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvu022","article-title":"Microvesicles and exosomes for intracardiac communication","volume":"102","author":"Sluijter","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1042\/EBC20170081","article-title":"Exosomes and cardiovascular cell-cell communication","volume":"62","author":"Poe","year":"2018","journal-title":"Essays Biochem"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2013.04.003","article-title":"The long and short of microRNA","volume":"153","author":"Yates","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.082701.108","article-title":"Most mammalian mRNAs are conserved targets of microRNAs","volume":"19","author":"Friedman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Genome Res"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.01497","article-title":"Triggering endogenous cardiac repair and regeneration via extracellular vesicle-mediated communication","volume":"9","author":"Bollini","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a016857","article-title":"The complex ultrastructure of the endolysosomal system","volume":"6","author":"Klumperman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1111\/sji.12247","article-title":"Exosomes - structure, biogenesis and biological role in non-small-cell lung cancer","volume":"81","author":"Frydrychowicz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Scand J Immunol"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceb.2007.12.002","article-title":"ESCRT complexes and the biogenesis of multivesicular bodies","volume":"20","author":"Hurley","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Opin Cell Biol"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15252\/embj.201592484","article-title":"ESCRTs are everywhere","volume":"34","author":"Hurley","year":"2015","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20102547","article-title":"Exosomes as emerging pro-tumorigenic mediators of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype","volume":"20","author":"Jakhar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceb.2014.05.004","article-title":"Biogenesis and secretion of exosomes","volume":"29","author":"Kowal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Opin Cell Biol"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2014.04.009","article-title":"Sorting it out: regulation of exosome loading","volume":"28","author":"Villarroya-Beltri","year":"2014","journal-title":"Semin Cancer Biol"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2015.08.057","article-title":"Apolipoprotein E regulates amyloid formation within endosomes of pigment cells","volume":"13","author":"van Niel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-cellbio-101512-122326","article-title":"Biogenesis, secretion, and intercellular interactions of exosomes and other extracellular vesicles","volume":"30","author":"Colombo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/dds317","article-title":"Exosomes and microvesicles: extracellular vesicles for genetic information transfer and gene therapy","volume":"21","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plipres.2017.03.001","article-title":"Lipids in exosomes: Current knowledge and the way forward","volume":"66","author":"Skotland","year":"2017","journal-title":"Prog Lipid Res"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3402\/jev.v4.27066","article-title":"Biological properties of extracellular vesicles and their physiological functions","volume":"4","author":"Y\u00e1\u00f1ez-M\u00f3","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Extracell Vesicles"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41556-021-00693-y","article-title":"Quantitative proteomics identifies the core proteome of exosomes with syntenin-1 as the highest abundant protein and a putative universal biomarker","volume":"23","author":"Kugeratski","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Cell Biol"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pmic.201000422","article-title":"Advances in membranous vesicle and exosome proteomics improving biological understanding and biomarker discovery","volume":"11","author":"Raimondo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proteomics"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.176.12.7385","article-title":"A membrane form of TNF-alpha presented by exosomes delays T cell activation-induced cell death","volume":"176","author":"Zhang","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-06-3456","article-title":"Human tumor-derived exosomes selectively impair lymphocyte responses to interleukin-2","volume":"67","author":"Clayton","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.117.311326","article-title":"Intra-cardiac release of extracellular vesicles shapes inflammation following myocardial infarction","volume":"123","author":"Loyer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1408301111","article-title":"Quantitative and stoichiometric analysis of the microRNA content of exosomes","volume":"111","author":"Chevillet","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U.S.A"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb1596","article-title":"Exosome-mediated transfer of mRNAs and microRNAs is a novel mechanism of genetic exchange between cells","volume":"9","author":"Valadi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Cell Biol"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb1800","article-title":"Glioblastoma microvesicles transport RNA and proteins that promote tumour growth and provide diagnostic biomarkers","volume":"10","author":"Skog","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Cell Biol"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3402\/jev.v3.24641","article-title":"Routes and mechanisms of extracellular vesicle uptake","volume":"3","author":"Mulcahy","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Extracell Vesicles"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2018.01.059","article-title":"Exosomes and ectosomes in intercellular communication","volume":"28","author":"Meldolesi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2012.08.007","article-title":"Exosomes: new players in cell-cell communication","volume":"44","author":"Bang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Biochem Cell Biol"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4061\/2011\/535241","article-title":"Cellular interplay between cardiomyocytes and nonmyocytes in cardiac remodeling","volume":"2011","author":"Takeda","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Inflam"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vph.2015.02.008","article-title":"Exosomes and exosomal miRNAs in cardiovascular protection and repair","volume":"71","author":"Emanueli","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vascul Pharmacol"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1007\/s12265-016-9705-1","article-title":"Circulating extracellular vesicles contain miRNAs and are released as early biomarkers for cardiac injury","volume":"9","author":"Deddens","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Transl Res"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2020.02.009","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles alone or in conjunction with a SDKP-conjugated self-assembling peptide improve a rat model of myocardial infarction","volume":"524","author":"Firoozi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI70577","article-title":"Cardiac fibroblast-derived microRNA passenger strand-enriched exosomes mediate cardiomyocyte hypertrophy","volume":"124","author":"Bang","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvu167","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles from human cardiac progenitor cells inhibit cardiomyocyte apoptosis and improve cardiac function after myocardial infarction","volume":"103","author":"Barile","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.12436","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles release by cardiac telocytes: electron microscopy and electron tomography","volume":"18","author":"Fertig","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Cell Mol Med"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.117.305990","article-title":"Embryonic stem cell-derived exosomes promote endogenous repair mechanisms and enhance cardiac function following myocardial infarction","volume":"117","author":"Khan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2015.10.022","article-title":"A critical role of cardiac fibroblast-derived exosomes in activating renin angiotensin system in cardiomyocytes","volume":"89","author":"Lyu","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Mol Cell Cardiol"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2016.01.013","article-title":"Cardiovascular progenitor-derived extracellular vesicles recapitulate the beneficial effects of their parent cells in the treatment of chronic heart failure","volume":"35","author":"Kervadec","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2277","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2016.181","article-title":"Cardiac progenitor cell-derived exosomes prevent cardiomyocytes apoptosis through exosomal miR-21 by targeting PDCD4","volume":"7","author":"Xiao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.116.309935","article-title":"Experimental, systems, and computational approaches to understanding the microRNA-mediated reparative potential of cardiac progenitor cell-derived exosomes from pediatric patients","volume":"120","author":"Agarwal","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehw240","article-title":"Exosomes secreted by cardiosphere-derived cells reduce scarring, attenuate adverse remodelling, and improve function in acute and chronic porcine myocardial infarction","volume":"38","author":"Gallet","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvy055","article-title":"Cardioprotection by cardiac progenitor cell-secreted exosomes: role of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A","volume":"114","author":"Barile","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.030785","article-title":"Large cardiac muscle patches engineered from human induced-pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiac cells improve recovery from myocardial infarction in swine","volume":"137","author":"Gao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.26621","article-title":"Exosomes secreted by hypoxic cardiosphere-derived cells enhance tube formation and increase pro-angiogenic miRNA","volume":"119","author":"Namazi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21691401.2017.1388249","article-title":"Myocardial reparative functions of exosomes from mesenchymal stem cells are enhanced by hypoxia treatment of the cells via transferring microRNA-210 in an nSMase2-dependent way","volume":"46","author":"Zhu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pmic.200900515","article-title":"Identification and functionality of proteomes secreted by rat cardiac stem cells and neonatal cardiomyocytes","volume":"10","author":"Stastna","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proteomics"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvv260","article-title":"Cardiomyocyte exosomes regulate glycolytic flux in endothelium by direct transfer of GLUT transporters and glycolytic enzymes","volume":"109","author":"Garcia","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"B74","article-title":"Exosomes derived from cardiomyocytes promote cardiac fibrosis via myocyte-fibroblast cross-talk","volume":"10","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Transl Res"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db15-1563","article-title":"Hsp20-mediated activation of exosome biogenesis in cardiomyocytes improves cardiac function and angiogenesis in diabetic mice","volume":"65","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.01355.2006","article-title":"HSP60 trafficking in adult cardiac myocytes: role of the exosomal pathway","volume":"292","author":"Gupta","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2012.10.002","article-title":"Mechanism of TNF-\u03b1 autocrine effects in hypoxic cardiomyocytes: initiated by hypoxia inducible factor 1\u03b1, presented by exosomes","volume":"53","author":"Yu","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Mol Cell Cardiol"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3402\/jev.v2i0.20167","article-title":"Growth factor stimulation of cardiomyocytes induces changes in the transcriptional contents of secreted exosomes","volume":"2","author":"Genneb\u00e4ck","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Extracell Vesicles"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3858\/emm.2010.42.10.069","article-title":"Heat shock protein 90 regulates I\u03baB kinase complex and NF-\u03baB activation in angiotensin II-induced cardiac cell hypertrophy","volume":"42","author":"Lee","year":"2010","journal-title":"Exp Mol Med"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2015.05.018","article-title":"Heat-shock-protein 90 protects from downregulation of HIF-1\u03b1 in calcineurin-induced myocardial hypertrophy","volume":"85","author":"Eschricht","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Mol Cell Cardiol"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.00611-16","article-title":"Myocyte-derived Hsp90 modulates collagen upregulation via biphasic activation of STAT-3 in fibroblasts during cardiac hypertrophy","volume":"37","author":"Datta","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2018.12.010","article-title":"Heat-shock protein 90 modulates cardiac ventricular hypertrophy via activation of MAPK pathway","volume":"127","author":"Tamura","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Mol Cell Cardiol"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e000565","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.113.000565","article-title":"Sorbin and SH3 domain-containing protein 2 is released from infarcted heart in the very early phase: proteomic analysis of cardiac tissues from patients","volume":"2","author":"Kakimoto","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvv026","article-title":"miR-21: a star player in cardiac hypertrophy","volume":"105","author":"Duygu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.09.041","article-title":"Circulating miR-29a, among other up-regulated microRNAs, is the only biomarker for both hypertrophy and fibrosis in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy","volume":"63","author":"Roncarati","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.118.312751","article-title":"miR-146a suppresses SUMO1 expression and induces cardiac dysfunction in maladaptive hypertrophy","volume":"123","author":"Oh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.680349","article-title":"MiR-27a-3p\/hoxa10 axis regulates angiotensin II-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by targeting Kv4.3 expression","volume":"12","author":"Cao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0092-8674(04)00045-5","article-title":"MicroRNAs: genomics, biogenesis, mechanism, and function","volume":"116","author":"Bartel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-018-2940-7","article-title":"Regulatory network of miRNA on its target: coordination between transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression","volume":"76","author":"Pu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985813502820","article-title":"MicroRNAs: history, biogenesis, and their evolving role in animal development and disease","volume":"51","author":"Bhaskaran","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vet Pathol"},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41576-023-00611-y","article-title":"microRNAs in action: biogenesis, function and regulation","volume":"24","author":"Shang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Rev Genet"},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2011.07.024","article-title":"Alternative miRNA biogenesis pathways and the interpretation of core miRNA pathway mutants","volume":"43","author":"Yang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol Cell"},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-04234-3","article-title":"MicroRNA sequence codes for small extracellular vesicle release and cellular retention","volume":"601","author":"Garcia-Martin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.687947","article-title":"MicroRNAs in the human heart: a clue to fetal gene reprogramming in heart failure","volume":"116","author":"Thum","year":"2007","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07511","article-title":"MicroRNA-21 contributes to myocardial disease by stimulating MAP kinase signalling in fibroblasts","volume":"456","author":"Thum","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.813576","article-title":"Reciprocal regulation of myocardial microRNAs and messenger RNA in human cardiomyopathy and reversal of the microRNA signature by biomechanical support","volume":"119","author":"Matkovich","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.110.218297","article-title":"MiR423-5p as a circulating biomarker for heart failure","volume":"106","author":"Tijsen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.000882","article-title":"MiR-378 controls cardiac hypertrophy by combined repression of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway factors","volume":"127","author":"Ganesan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e90337","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0090337","article-title":"Silencing of miR-34a attenuates cardiac dysfunction in a setting of moderate, but not severe, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy","volume":"9","author":"Bernardo","year":"2014","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.16824","article-title":"miRNA expression analysis in the human heart: Undifferentiated progenitors vs. bioptic tissues-Implications for proliferation and ageing","volume":"25","author":"Iannolo","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Cell Mol Med"},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2018.05.013","article-title":"miR-217 promotes cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction by targeting PTEN","volume":"12","author":"Nie","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol Ther Nucleic Acids"},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.22878","article-title":"MicroRNA-378 suppresses myocardial fibrosis through a paracrine mechanism at the early stage of cardiac hypertrophy following mechanical stress","volume":"8","author":"Yuan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e015640","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.119.015640","article-title":"Sacubitril\/valsartan improves cardiac function and decreases myocardial fibrosis via downregulation of exosomal miR-181a in a rodent chronic myocardial infarction model","volume":"9","author":"Vaskova","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-99-1443-2_2","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles and pathological cardiac hypertrophy","volume":"1418","author":"Gao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacbts.2019.10.011","article-title":"Macrophage-derived exosomal mir-155 regulating cardiomyocyte pyroptosis and hypertrophy in uremic cardiomyopathy","volume":"5","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"JACC Basic Transl Sci"},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1080\/0886022X.2021.1891098","article-title":"MicroRNA-21-containing microvesicles from tubular epithelial cells promote cardiomyocyte hypertrophy","volume":"43","author":"Di","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ren Fail"},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.05.014","article-title":"MicroRNA-21 regulates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha, a molecular mechanism of cardiac pathology in Cardiorenal Syndrome Type 4","volume":"93","author":"Chuppa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCGENETICS.114.000805","article-title":"MicroRNA passenger strand: orchestral symphony of paracrine signaling","volume":"7","author":"Wu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Genet"},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms242216197","article-title":"Advances in intercellular communication mediated by exosomal ncRNAs in cardiovascular disease","volume":"24","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2014.10.008","article-title":"Pathologic function and therapeutic potential of exosomes in cardiovascular disease","volume":"1852","author":"Ailawadi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvu254","article-title":"miR-21-3p regulates cardiac hypertrophic response by targeting histone deacetylase-8","volume":"105","author":"Yan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00602.2017","article-title":"Myocardial infarction-induced microRNA-enriched exosomes contribute to cardiac Nrf2 dysregulation in chronic heart failure","volume":"314","author":"Tian","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol"},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2020.04.032","article-title":"Extracellular vesicular MicroRNA-27a* contributes to cardiac hypertrophy in chronic heart failure","volume":"143","author":"Tian","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Mol Cell Cardiol"},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21655979.2022.2054150","article-title":"MicroRNA miR-27a-3p accelerates cardiac hypertrophy by targeting neuro-oncological ventral antigen 1","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bioengineered"},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2024.156187","article-title":"Huangqi-Danshen decoction improves heart failure by regulating pericardial adipose tissue derived extracellular vesicular miR-27a-3p to activate AMPK\u03b12 mediated mitophagy","volume":"135","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11626-020-00481-2","article-title":"Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes attenuate cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in pressure overload induced remodeling","volume":"56","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim"},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1566523222666220303102951","article-title":"Exosomal miR-29a in cardiomyocytes induced by angiotensin II regulates cardiac microvascular endothelial cell proliferation, migration and angiogenesis by targeting VEGFA","volume":"22","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr Gene Ther"},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1038\/s41536-021-00128-0","article-title":"Targets identified from exercised heart: killing multiple birds with one stone","volume":"6","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"NPJ Regener Med"},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12975-017-0520-z","article-title":"MiR-126 affects brain-heart interaction after cerebral ischemic stroke","volume":"8","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transl Stroke Res"},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-10-4397-0_8","article-title":"Pathological effects of exosomes in mediating diabetic cardiomyopathy","volume":"998","author":"Salem","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0605298103","article-title":"NF-kappaB-dependent induction of microRNA miR-146, an inhibitor targeted to signaling proteins of innate immune responses","volume":"103","author":"Taganov","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U.S.A"},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1403155","article-title":"Attenuation of cardiac dysfunction in polymicrobial sepsis by microRNA-146a is mediated via targeting of IRAK1 and TRAF6 expression","volume":"195","author":"Gao","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2017.03.002","article-title":"miR-146a mediates inflammatory changes and fibrosis in the heart in diabetes","volume":"105","author":"Feng","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Mol Cell Cardiol"},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvw054","article-title":"Exosomes induce and reverse monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension in mice","volume":"110","author":"Aliotta","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abb3336","article-title":"Cardiosphere-derived exosomal microRNAs for myocardial repair in pediatric dilated cardiomyopathy","volume":"12","author":"Hirai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI64365","article-title":"MicroRNA-146a is a therapeutic target and biomarker for peripartum cardiomyopathy","volume":"123","author":"Halkein","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2016.09.001","article-title":"Macrophage-derived mir-155-containing exosomes suppress fibroblast proliferation and promote fibroblast inflammation during cardiac injury","volume":"25","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol Ther"},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.606045","article-title":"Exosomes derived from hypertrophic cardiomyocytes induce inflammation in macrophages via miR-155 mediated MAPK pathway","volume":"11","author":"Yu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.114.303784","article-title":"Loss of microRNA-155 protects the heart from pathological cardiac hypertrophy","volume":"114","author":"Seok","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26355\/eurrev_201712_13936","article-title":"MiR-181a mediates Ang II-induced myocardial hypertrophy by mediating autophagy","volume":"21","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"B131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1813","article-title":"MiRNA-181a is a novel regulator of aldosterone-mineralocorticoid receptor-mediated cardiac remodelling","volume":"22","author":"Garg","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2020.592412","article-title":"Role of Exosomal miRNAs in heart failure","volume":"7","author":"Xue","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e89908","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.89908","article-title":"Adipocyte-specific loss of PPAR\u03b3 attenuates cardiac hypertrophy","volume":"1","author":"Fang","year":"2016","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21197215","article-title":"Cardiac fibroblast-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived exosomes as a potential therapeutic mean for heart failure","volume":"21","author":"Kurtzwald-Josefson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2014.10.010","article-title":"miR-133a enhances the protective capacity of cardiac progenitors cells after myocardial infarction","volume":"3","author":"Izarra","year":"2014","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rep"},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000489383","article-title":"Serum exosomal MiR-92b-5p as a potential biomarker for acute heart failure caused by dilated cardiomyopathy","volume":"46","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Physiol Biochem"},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-019-1297-7","article-title":"Differences in the cargos and functions of exosomes derived from six cardiac cell types: a systematic review","volume":"10","author":"Xu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res Ther"},{"key":"B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00904.2018","article-title":"Noncoding RNAs regulating cardiac muscle mass","volume":"127","author":"Wadley","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol (1985)"},{"key":"B139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232214129","article-title":"Involvement of circRNAs in the development of heart failure","volume":"23","author":"Sygitowicz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"B140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2020.00605","article-title":"Sedentary and trained\u00a0older men have distinct circulating exosomal microRNA profiles at baseline and in response to acute exercise","volume":"11","author":"Nair","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-022-01630-3","article-title":"Heart-targeting exosomes\u00a0from human cardiosphere-derived cells improve the therapeutic effect on cardiac hypertrophy","volume":"20","author":"Mao","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Nanobiotechnology"},{"key":"B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41440-022-01111-y","article-title":"A novel circ_0018553 protects against angiotensin-induced cardiac hypertrophy in cardiomyocytes by\u00a0modulating the miR-4731\/SIRT2 signaling pathway","volume":"46","author":"Zuo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hypertens Res"},{"key":"B143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.123.324110","article-title":"Tipifarnib reduces extracellular vesicles and protects from heart failure","volume":"135","author":"Mallaredy","year":"2024","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"B144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1007\/s12265-020-10040-5","article-title":"Cardiovascular exosomes and microRNAs in cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology","volume":"14","author":"Henning","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Transl Res"},{"key":"B145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S377479","article-title":"Exosomes and exosomal cargos: A promising world for ventricular remodeling following myocardial infarction","volume":"17","author":"Fang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Nanomedicine"},{"key":"B146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1988","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.17789","article-title":"Differential expression profiles of plasma exosomal microRNAs in dilated cardiomyopathy with chronic heart failure","volume":"27","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Cell Mol Med"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fendo.2024.1444940\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]],"date-time":"2025-01-09T05:11:00Z","timestamp":1736399460000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fendo.2024.1444940\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]]},"references-count":146,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fendo.2024.1444940"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2024.1444940","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-2392"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-2392","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]]},"article-number":"1444940"}}