{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T14:31:59Z","timestamp":1790346719444,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,26]],"date-time":"2024-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732579200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Neurocognitive impairment is a condition that makes it difficult for a person to make decisions that affect memory, learning new things, concentration on daily activities, and can range from mild to severe forms. It is a major health problem, less known and less addressed complication of diabetes mellitus.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of the study is to assess prevalence of neurocognitive impairment and associated factors among diabetic mellitus patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted an institutional-based cross-sectional study involving 512 diabetic patients under follow-up at XXX Specialized Hospital from March 1 to April 30, 2023. Data on cognition, behavior, and depression were collected using standardized tools, including the Mini Mental State Examination for cognition, the CAGE assessment tool for alcohol-related behavior, and the PHQ-9 for depression. These assessments were conducted through face-to-face interviews and chart reviews. A diagnosis of diabetes is confirmed in adults when fasting blood glucose levels exceed 126 mg\/dl in three consecutive follow-up measurements. Data entry was performed using Epidata version 4.6, and analysis was conducted using SPSS version 26. Variables with a P-value &amp;lt; 0.25 in bivariate analysis were included in multivariable logistic regression. Statistical significance was set at P \u2264 0.05 with a 95% CI. Results were presented using tables, graphs, and descriptive text.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of neurocognitive impairment among diabetic patients at XXX Comprehensive Specialized Hospital was 28.3% [95% CI: 24.57\u201332.39]. Factors associated with this impairment included being female (AOR=2.29 [95% CI: 1.43-3.67]), rural residence (AOR=3.16 [95% CI: 2.01-4.95]), comorbidity (AOR=3.30 [95% CI: 2.08-5.23]), diabetes duration of 6-10 years (AOR=1.72 [95% CI: 1.01-2.94]), diabetes duration &amp;gt;10 years, and blood sugar level &amp;gt;126 mg\/dl (AOR=2.25 [95% CI: 1.42-3.57]). Patients are encouraged to adhere to proper medication regimens to effectively control their blood glucose levels. This study found a high prevalence of neurocognitive impairment (NCI) among diabetic patients, affecting about one-fourth based on MMSE scores. Key risk factors identified include female gender, rural residence, comorbidities, longer duration of diabetes, and elevated blood glucose levels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1459585","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,26]],"date-time":"2024-11-26T04:20:37Z","timestamp":1732594837000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Neurocognitive impairment and its associated factors among patients with diabetes mellitus who have follow up at referral hospital in Northwest, 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