{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T23:22:07Z","timestamp":1785799327493,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]],"date-time":"2025-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744588800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index serves as a surrogate marker for insulin resistance. Multiple studies have demonstrated a positive correlation between the TyG index and blood pressure, indicating that a high TyG index is related to a greater risk of developing pre-hypertension (pre-HTN) and hypertension (HTN). However, the relationship between changes in the TyG index during childhood and pre-HTN in adulthood requires further clarification.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present prospective study utilized data from the Bogalusa Heart Study, a long-term follow-up study. Data on triglycerides (TG), fasting glucose (Fg), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were collected from cross-sectional examinations of participants during childhood. Blood pressure (BP) in early adulthood was categorized into normotensive and pre-HTN groups. Logistic regression was employed to evaluate the relationship between the TyG index in childhood and pre-HTN in adulthood.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 1,222 participants were included in the study, of whom 258 presented with pre-HTN in adulthood. Significant differences were observed in baseline TyG index, body mass index (BMI), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) between the two groups. In both unadjusted logistic regression (Odds Ratio (OR):1.8, 95% CI: 1.4, 2.5, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.001) and simple adjustment (OR: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.2, 2.3, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.003), childhood TyG index were significantly associated with pre-HTN in adulthood. However, this significant relationship disappeared after full adjustment (OR: 1.2, 95% CI: 0.8, 1.9, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.373) which extended Model 1 by including adjustments for baseline BMI, baseline HDL-C, baseline LDL-C, smoking status, drinking status, use of antihypertensive medication and family history of HTN.Stratified analysis in Model 2 showed that gender and race significantly affected the relationship between TyG index and BP. In the male population, elevated TyG index levels increased the probability of pre-HTN, whereas no such relationship was found in female (Male: OR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.1, 3.5, P = 0.029; Female: OR: 0.8, 95% CI: 0.4, 1.4, P = 0.447; P for interaction = 0.037). Similarly, in American Caucasians, TyG was positively associated with the risk of pre-HTN, but this relationship was not observed in African American (American Caucasian: OR: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.0, 2.9, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.035; African American: OR: 0.5, 95% CI: 0.2, 1.1, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.087; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> for interaction = 0.007).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In males and Caucasians, elevated TyG index during childhood can increase the risk of pre-HTN in adulthood. Monitoring the TyG index may help in screening individuals at higher risk of pre-HTN.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2025.1489325","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]],"date-time":"2025-04-14T04:10:38Z","timestamp":1744603838000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Childhood triglyceride-glucose index and pre-hypertension in adulthood: a prospective cohort 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