{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,14]],"date-time":"2026-06-14T23:57:36Z","timestamp":1781481456060,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,5]],"date-time":"2025-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738713600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Numerous physiological systems, such as the functioning of the immune system, bone health, and the regulation of expression of genes, depend critically on vitamin D. Considering the significance of vitamin D for health, it is critical to understand how it is metabolized and the factors that affect its levels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The objective of this study was to develop and validate an LC-MS\/MS method to examine the effects of light exposure and dietary vitamin D consumption on the levels of vitamin D and its metabolites in a mouse model under consistent growth conditions throughout the year. Serum and hair samples from mice were analyzed under various experimental conditions for vitamin D and its metabolites using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS\/MS). The experimental conditions included a vitamin D-deficient diet, a vitamin D-standard diet, and changes in ambient light exposure ranging from complete darkness to a regular light-dark cycle.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mice fed a standard vitamin D diet and exposed to a regular light-dark cycle exhibited significantly higher levels of 25OHD<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> in both serum and hair, indicating the synergistic effect of dietary vitamin D intake and light exposure. Mice fed a standard vitamin D diet but kept in continuous darkness showed moderately elevated 25OHD<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> levels, demonstrating the efficacy of dietary vitamin D in maintaining adequate levels despite the absence of light. Conversely, mice fed a vitamin D-deficient diet and housed in darkness displayed 25OHD<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> levels below the limit of quantification, highlighting the combined detrimental effects of dietary deficiency and lack of light exposure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study provides valuable insights into the complex interplay between dietary vitamin D intake, light exposure, and the regulation of vitamin D metabolism in mice. Moreover, our results underscore the potential implications for human health, suggesting the importance of adequate vitamin D intake and sunlight exposure in maintaining optimal vitamin D levels. Further research in this area has the potential to unveil additional factors influencing vitamin D metabolism, offering valuable insights into strategies for optimizing vitamin D levels in both animal models and human subjects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2025.1494393","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,5]],"date-time":"2025-02-05T05:19:20Z","timestamp":1738732760000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A novel LC-MS\/MS analysis of vitamin D metabolites in mice serum and hair: impact of diet and light exposure"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Muhammad K.","family":"Hakeem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asma","family":"Al-Menhali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sampath 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