{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T15:52:31Z","timestamp":1753890751323,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]],"date-time":"2025-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740614400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This prospective study aimed to analyze the efficacy and safety of fine-needle prick (FNP) in the assessment of parathyroid gland (PG) perfusion during thyroid surgery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 147 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) who underwent lobectomy with therapeutic unilateral central lymph node dissection (CLND) performed by the same surgeon at the First Hospital of Jilin University between June and September 2024 were included in this prospective study. Following removal of the thyroid and unilateral central lymph nodes, indocyanine green (ICG) was prepared and administered intravenously. Fluorescence signals and images were captured using a near-infrared system to obtain the ICG1 score. Approximately 5\u201310 min thereafter, the fluorescent signal dissipated, after which the preserved PG was evaluated using FNP. An FNP score was established based on oozing blood from the parathyroid. After hemostasis was achieved by compression with gauze, ICG was reinjected to reassess PG perfusion, which yields the ICG2 score.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In 13 patients, only one parathyroid was identified, while the other was inadvertently excised during surgery. A total of 269 (95.73%) parathyroids were evaluated, with consistent scores observed between the use of the ICG1 and FNP methods. However, in six congested PGs with a darkened appearance, the FNP method could not accurately assess blood supply due to the slow oozing of accumulated blood following the procedure. The Spearman\u2019s correlation coefficient between the ICG1 and FNP methods was 0.973 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.001), demonstrating strong concordance in determining PG blood supply. Furthermore, the identical ICG1 and ICG2 scores indicated that FNP did not adversely affect PG perfusion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The FNP test could represent a safer, simpler, and more reliable alternative to ICG for the assessment of PG perfusion. However, further validation in patients undergoing total thyroidectomy and bilateral CLND is warranted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Clinical trial registration<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:uri>https:\/\/www.chictr.org.cn\/<\/jats:uri>, identifier ChiCTR2400084531.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2025.1498083","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]],"date-time":"2025-02-27T05:20:52Z","timestamp":1740633652000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Efficacy and safety of parathyroid perfusion assessment by fine-needle prick during thyroid surgery: a prospective study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Peisong","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haowen","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuai","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(22)00035-3","article-title":"The epidemiological landscape of thyroid cancer worldwide: GLOBOCAN estimates for incidence and mortality rates in 2020","volume":"10","author":"Pizzato","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinology"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2015.0020","article-title":"2015 American thyroid association management guidelines for adult patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer: the american thyroid association guidelines task force on thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer","volume":"26","author":"Haugen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/gs.2017.09.14","article-title":"Hypocalcaemia and permanent hypoparathyroidism after total\/bilateral thyroidectomy in the BAETS Registry","volume":"6","author":"Chadwick","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gland Surgery"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2019.06.056","article-title":"Morbidity in patients with permanent hypoparathyroidism after total thyroidectomy","volume":"167","author":"Bergenfelz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11936","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-30299-8","article-title":"Short and long-term potential role of carbon nanoparticles in total thyroidectomy with central lymph node dissection","volume":"8","author":"Xue","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/gs.2020.01.04","article-title":"Near-infrared autofluorescence in thyroid and parathyroid surgery","volume":"9","author":"Di Marco","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gland Surgery"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2021.0093","article-title":"Assessing intraoperative laser speckle contrast imaging of parathyroid glands in relation to total thyroidectomy patient outcomes","volume":"31","author":"Mannoh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1251820","article-title":"Safety and effectiveness of carbon nanoparticles suspension-guided lymph node dissection during thyroidectomy in patients with thyroid papillary cancer: a prospective, multicenter, randomized, blank-controlled trial","volume":"14","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Endocrinology"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.21873\/invivo.11741","article-title":"Intraoperative indocyanine green (ICG) angiography for the identification of the parathyroid glands: Current evidence and future perspectives","volume":"34","author":"Spartalis","year":"2020","journal-title":"In Vivo (Athens Greece)"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.10783","article-title":"Randomized clinical trial of intraoperative parathyroid gland angiography with indocyanine green fluorescence predicting parathyroid function after thyroid surgery","volume":"105","author":"Vidal Fortuny","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Surgery"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2022.09.004","article-title":"Use of fluorescence imaging and indocyanine green during thyroid and parathyroid surgery: Results of an intercontinental, multidisciplinary Delphi survey","volume":"172","author":"Dip","year":"2022","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8747680","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/8747680","article-title":"Fine-needle pricking test of the parathyroid gland during thyroid surgery in predicting parathyroid function","volume":"2022","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Endocrinology"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2017.0309","article-title":"American thyroid association statement on postoperative hypoparathyroidism: diagnosis, prevention, and management in adults","volume":"28","author":"Orloff","year":"2018","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2018.12.074","article-title":"Prediction of hypocalcemia after total thyroidectomy using indocyanine green angiography of parathyroid glands: A simple quantitative scoring system","volume":"218","author":"G\u00e1lvez-Pastor","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Surgery"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2021.06.012","article-title":"Intraoperative indocyanine green (ICG) angiography of the parathyroids glands in prediction of post-thyroidectomy hypocalcemia: Diagnostic accuracy of the ICG score 2 versus the 4-ICG score","volume":"100","author":"Moreno Llorente","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cirugia Espanola"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-021-06353-4","article-title":"Intraoperative mapping angiograms of the parathyroid glands using indocyanine green during thyroid surgery: Results of the fluogreen study","volume":"46","author":"Benmiloud","year":"2022","journal-title":"World J Surgery"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2021.12.036","article-title":"Is the indocyanine green score an accurate predictor of postoperative parathyroid hormone level","volume":"171","author":"Demarchi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2020.594745","article-title":"A Rapid Intraoperative parathyroid hormone assay based on the immune colloidal gold technique for parathyroid identification in thyroid surgery","volume":"11","author":"Xia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Endocrinology"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fendo.2025.1498083\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]],"date-time":"2025-02-27T05:20:54Z","timestamp":1740633654000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fendo.2025.1498083\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]]},"references-count":18,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fendo.2025.1498083"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2025.1498083","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-2392"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1664-2392"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]]},"article-number":"1498083"}}