{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T18:45:39Z","timestamp":1787510739265,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,31]],"date-time":"2025-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738281600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Infertility is strongly associated with obesity. The body roundness index (BRI) is a more accurate assessment of visceral fat content than the body mass index (BMI). However, current evidence on the association between visceral fat accumulation and infertility remains insufficient and controversial. Therefore, we utilized the 2017-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database to explore the correlation between BRI and infertility.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We used multiple logistic regression, smoothed curve fitting, subgroup analyses, and interaction tests to investigate the potential association between BRI and infertility. Additionally, we assessed the ability of BRI and BMI to predict infertility risk using receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis and calculate the area under the curve (AUC),sensitivity, and specificity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the study, 1463 women aged 20 to 45 participated, and 172 of them were found to be infertile. After adjusting for all factors except body measurements, the findings indicated that for each one-unit increase in BRI, there was a 19% increase in the risk of infertility (OR = 1.19, 95% CI 1.05, 1.34). The analysis also revealed a positive nonlinear relationship between BRI and infertility. Furthermore, based on the ROC curves, it was observed that BRI was a more reliable predictor of infertility risk compared to BMI (BRI AUC = 0.5773, BMI AUC = 0.5681).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study demonstrated a positive association between higher BRI values and infertility among adult women in the United States and showed a stronger association than BMI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2025.1504878","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,31]],"date-time":"2025-01-31T00:10:42Z","timestamp":1738282242000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Association between the body roundness index and female infertility: a cross-sectional study from NHANES"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Ming","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yifang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.11.025","article-title":"Definitions of infertility and recurrent pregnancy loss: A committee opinion","volume":"113","year":"2020","journal-title":"Fertility sterility"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dead241","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of infertility attributable to pcos, 1990\u20132019","volume":"39","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-057132","article-title":"Worldwide prevalence, risk factors and psychological impact of infertility among women: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Hazlina","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2008.09.046","article-title":"A public health focus on infertility prevention, detection, and management","volume":"93","author":"Macaluso","year":"2010","journal-title":"Fertility sterility"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2013.01.145","article-title":"Time costs of fertility care: the hidden hardship of building a family","volume":"99","author":"Wu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Fertility sterility"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1326546","article-title":"Obesity and its impact on female reproductive health: unraveling the connections","volume":"14","author":"Zheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(ISSN)1096-8644","article-title":"Relationship between adiposity and body size reveals limitations of bmi","volume":"129","author":"Nevill","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropology: Off Publ Am Assoc Phys Anthropologists"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.20408","article-title":"Relationships between body roundness with body fat and visceral adipose tissue emerging from a new geometrical model","volume":"21","author":"Thomas","year":"2013","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-022-03321-x","article-title":"Non-linear relationship between the body roundness index and incident type 2 diabetes in Japan: A secondary retrospective analysis","volume":"20","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Trans Med"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MED.0b013e3282f1d6cb","article-title":"Obesity and infertility","volume":"14","author":"Pasquali","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Opin Endocrinology Diabetes Obes"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003679","article-title":"Obesity and risk of female reproductive conditions: A mendelian randomisation study","volume":"19","author":"Venkatesh","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3570","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21103570","article-title":"Adipokines and obesity. 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