{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,11]],"date-time":"2026-11-11T02:46:26Z","timestamp":1794365186268,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]],"date-time":"2025-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740355200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Long-term biochemical nonremission and long-delayed diagnosis can increase the incidence of comorbidities of acromegaly and seriously affect patients\u2019 quality of life. To identify predictors of biochemical remission and quantify the relationship between delayed diagnosis and comorbidities, we performed a retrospective study of a large, single-centre cohort.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This retrospective cohort included 1692 hospitalised patients with acromegaly seen in a single referral centre between 2012 and 2020. To account for the longitudinal data structure, generalised estimating equation (GEE) regression models were established to further evaluate the factors associated with biochemical remission.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, 1692 inpatients (55.4% females, mean age at diagnosis: 40.1 \u00b1 12.2 years, mean age at onset: 34.4 \u00b1 11.71 years, median diagnostic delay: 4.4 years) were included. A total of 86.8% (1306\/1504) had macroadenomas, and 34.1% (486\/1424) had invasive tumours. According to the international diagnostic criteria, the 5-year biochemical remission rate of this cohort was 26.4%, while the Chinese criterion was 41.4%. According to the GEE model, invasion and large adenoma influence biochemical nonremission. After age 50, comorbidities such as hypertension and hyperlipidaemia were considerably more common in females than in males. The proportion of patients with comorbidities among those with a delayed diagnosis \u22654 years was greater than among those with a delayed diagnosis &amp;lt;4 years (54.9 vs. 47.9%, P=0.004).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The older the age at diagnosis and the longer the delay in diagnosis, the greater the incidence of comorbidities, especially in elderly females. Appropriate treatment of acromegaly should be started early to achieve biochemical control.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2025.1526625","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]],"date-time":"2025-02-24T05:11:14Z","timestamp":1740373874000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Biochemical remission, diagnostic delays, and comorbidities of acromegaly in China: a large single-centre retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Xue","family":"Bai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lian","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengmin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tingyu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingya","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengnan","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Pang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huijuan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2007.10.002","article-title":"Acromegaly","volume":"37","author":"Ben-Shlomo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin N Am"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-012-0420-x","article-title":"A consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of acromegaly complications","volume":"16","author":"Melmed","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pituitary"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11154-019-09506-y","article-title":"Current perspectives on the impact of clinical disease and biochemical control on comorbidities and quality of life in acromegaly","volume":"20","author":"Gatto","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev Endocr Metab Disord"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ando.2023.08.003","article-title":"Position statement on the diagnosis and management of acromegaly: The French National Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol (NDTP)","volume":"84","author":"Brue","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Endocrinol (Paris)"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-20-0019","article-title":"Prolonged diagnostic delay in acromegaly is associated with increased morbidity and mortality","volume":"182","author":"Esposito","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-019-0071-6","article-title":"Acromegaly","volume":"5","author":"Colao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-018-0058-5","article-title":"A consensus statement on acromegaly therapeutic outcomes","volume":"14","author":"Melmed","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2020.00147","article-title":"New epidemiological, clinical and economic data for patients with acromegaly in Bulgaria","volume":"8","author":"Kamusheva","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-3757","article-title":"Acromegaly clinical trial methodology impact on reported biochemical efficacy rates of Somatostatin receptor ligand treatments: a meta-analysis","volume":"99","author":"Carmichael","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.cn112137-20210106-00022","article-title":"China pituitary adenoma specialist council. 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