{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T16:20:59Z","timestamp":1792686059000,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741737600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to evaluate the utility of shear wave elastography (SWE) in predicting the recurrence risk of Graves\u2019 disease(GD), to construct a recurrence risk prediction model that integrates SWE and clinical characteristics, and to develop a risk scoring system aimed at enhancing the survival rate of patients with GD following drug treatment and prognosis management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A prospective cohort study was conducted involving with 169 patients diagnosed with first-episode GD. By analyzing SWE parameters, three-dimensional thyroid volume, TRAb levels, and other clinical indicators, the Cox proportional hazards model was used to construct a recurrence risk prediction model for GD. Bootstrap resampling was employed to verify the model\u2019s reliability. A simple recurrence risk scoring system was also developed based on independent risk factors for clinical use.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study identified several factors significantly associated with GD recurrence: age &amp;lt;35 years, a family history of GD, an initial TRAb level\u226715 IU\/ml, a thyroid volume\u226719 cm\u00b3, an initial SWE\u22672.0 m\/s, and a TSH(thyroid stimulating hormone) normalization duration &amp;lt;4 months. Notably, SWE was found to be a strong predictor, with patients exhibiting SWE \u22652.0 m\/s having a recurrence risk that is 4.54 times greater than those with lower values. Based on these risk factors, a scoring system was developed with a cutoff of 4 points for recurrence risk, demonstrating a sensitivity of 74% and a specificity of 91.8%. The area under the curve (AUC) of the final model was 0.91, indicating high predictive accuracy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>SWE is an independent predictor of recurrence risk in GD. When combined with traditional clinical indicators, it significantly enhances the predictive capability for GD recurrence. The risk score model provides a simple and effective tool for individualized management and optimization of treatment strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2025.1551983","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T01:17:56Z","timestamp":1741742276000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Integrating shear wave elastography into clinical prediction of Graves\u2019 disease recurrence: a novel risk scoring system"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Xiao-Yun","family":"Zha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ze-Hong","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia-Jia","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liang-Xiao","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peng-Bin","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang-Shun","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua-Qiang","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Duo-Bin","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin-Zhi","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.19052","article-title":"Hyperthyroidism: a review","volume":"330","author":"Lee","year":"2023","journal-title":"Jama"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(23)00005-0","article-title":"Hyperthyroidism: aetiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, management, complications, and prognosis","volume":"11","author":"Wiersinga","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-023-03656-5","article-title":"Risk of recurrence at the time of withdrawal of short- or long-term methimazole therapy in patients with graves\u2019 hyperthyroidism: a randomized trial and a risk-scoring model","volume":"84","author":"Azizi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/ETJ-22-0226","article-title":"Long-term follow-up result of antithyroid drug treatment of graves\u2019 hyperthyroidism in a large cohort","volume":"12","author":"Jin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur Thyroid J"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"bvac23","DOI":"10.1210\/jendso\/bvac023","article-title":"The prediction model using thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin bioassay for relapse of graves\u2019 disease","volume":"6","author":"Baek","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Endocr Soc"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-19-0234","article-title":"Management of endocrine disease: predictive scores in autoimmune thyroid disease: are they useful","volume":"181","author":"Effraimidis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-018-0918-9","article-title":"Antithyroid drug treatment for graves\u2019 disease: baseline predictive models of relapse\u00a0after treatment for a patient-tailored management","volume":"41","author":"Masiello","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2015-3644","article-title":"Predicting the risk of recurrence before the start of antithyroid drug therapy in patients with graves\u2019 hyperthyroidism","volume":"101","author":"Vos","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.18650","article-title":"Ultrasound elastography: review of techniques and clinical applications","volume":"7","author":"Sigrist","year":"2017","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14366\/usg.18037","article-title":"Ultrasound elastography of the thyroid: principles and current status","volume":"38","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ultrasonography"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2013.05.008","article-title":"Ultrasound elastography in the evaluation of thyroid pathology. 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