{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T15:51:53Z","timestamp":1753890713532,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,20]],"date-time":"2025-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750377600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study explored the associations between triglyceride glucose (TyG), TyG with body mass index (TyG-BMI), triglyceride-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG\/HDL-C) ratio, and metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) and the effects of dietary acid-base load in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).<\/jats:p><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 288 patients with CKD were included in this study. Four non-insulin-based insulin resistance (IR) markers were used to assess IR levels in patients with CKD; dietary intake \u2013 24-h dietary recall; and diet-based acidity \u2013 potential renal acid load (PRAL), net endogenous acid production (NEAP), and dietary acid load (DAL). Multiple linear regression analysis correlated dietary acid-base load and non-insulin-based IR markers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Spearman\u2019s correlation indicated DAL was significantly associated with TyG-BMI (r = 0.251, P &amp;lt; 0.001) and METS-IR (r = 0.274, P &amp;lt; 0.001), but weakly correlated with the TG\/HDL-C ratio (r = 0.14, P = 0.018). After adjusting for sex, age, energy, hypertension (HTN), diabetes, and estimated glomerular filtration rate, multiple linear regression analysis showed that DAL was associated with TyG-BMI (\u03b2 = 0.336; P = 0.008) and METS-IR (\u03b2 = 0.091; P = 0.007).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with the highest DAL scores had the highest TyG-BMI, TyG, TG\/HDL-C ratio, and METS-IR. After adjusting for confounders, there was a significant positive association between DAL and TyG-BMI and METS-IR.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2025.1589528","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,20]],"date-time":"2025-06-20T04:10:30Z","timestamp":1750392630000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Relationship between dietary acid-base load and non-insulin-based resistance measures in patients with chronic kidney 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