{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,10]],"date-time":"2025-11-10T05:21:27Z","timestamp":1762752087374,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,10]],"date-time":"2025-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762732800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC; including papillary and follicular thyroid cancers) has favourable survival outcomes, with related mortality below 10%. However, 20\u201330% of patients experience recurrence. Surveillance primarily relies on neck ultrasonography (US) and serum thyroglobulin (Tg) assessment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study evaluated the diagnostic performance of neck US in detecting locoregional recurrence following total thyroidectomy and compared its effectiveness with serum Tg.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective, single-centre study analysed 941 DTC patients who underwent total thyroidectomy and neck US between 2009 and 2019. Suspicious US findings were correlated with serum Tg levels and anti-thyroglobulin antibody status. Disease persistence (&amp;lt;6 months)\/recurrence (&amp;gt;6 months) was confirmed via fine-needle aspiration cytology\/biopsy, iodine scintigraphy, CT, or PET-CT. Patients without US-detected lesions were assessed clinically, biochemically, and via follow-up US.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Neck US had a sensitivity of 98.9%, specificity of 63.1%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 50.7%, negative predictive value (NPV) of 99.3%, and an accuracy of 73.01%. Serum Tg (cutoff 1.8 ng\/ml derived from receiver operating characteristic analysis) had a sensitivity of 69.2%, specificity of 91.8%, PPV of 61.4%, NPV of 94.1%, and an accuracy of 88.28%. Among 149 patients with US-detected lesions and Tg &amp;lt;1.8 ng\/ml, 22 (14.8%) had locoregional recurrence. Five of 43 patients with Tg &amp;lt;0.1 ng\/ml had confirmed recurrence. Among lymph nodes \u22646 mm in short-axis diameter with an indistinct fatty hilum, 69.6% were benign. Persistence was detected in 38.5% of patients within six months post-treatment, whereas most true recurrences (61.5%) manifested after six months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Neck US is highly sensitive but moderately specific for detecting locoregional recurrence post-thyroidectomy, complementing Tg. Study limitations include its retrospective design, single-centre setting, and lack of inter-observer variability assessment. A risk-adapted multimodal surveillance strategy with 6-monthly US for two years is recommended.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2025.1594721","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,10]],"date-time":"2025-11-10T05:18:24Z","timestamp":1762751904000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Post-thyroidectomy ultrasonography versus thyroglobulin as a surveillance tool for locoregional recurrence in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma: A single centre 10-year study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Abhishek","family":"Mahajan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vineeth","family":"Kurki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pranjal","family":"Rai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nilesh","family":"Sable","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ujjwal","family":"Agarwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richa","family":"Vaish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nivedita","family":"Chakrabarty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shreya","family":"Shukla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anil","family":"D\u2019Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prathamesh","family":"Pai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kumar","family":"Prabhash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vanita","family":"Noronha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vijay","family":"Patil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nandini","family":"Menon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarbani","family":"Ghosh Laskar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Asawari","family":"Patil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Munita","family":"Bal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Swapnil","family":"Rane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neha","family":"Mittal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pankaj","family":"Chaturvedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.29210","article-title":"Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: Sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012","volume":"136","author":"Ferlay","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1177\/0284185117700448","article-title":"Analysis of postoperative ultrasonography surveillance after total thyroidectomy in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma: a multicenter study","volume":"59","author":"Ryoo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Radiol"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.respe.2010.05.005","article-title":"Risk factors of thyroid tumors: role of environmental and occupational exposures to chemical pollutants","volume":"58","author":"Leux","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rev Epidemiol Sante Publ"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2015.0020","article-title":"2015 American thyroid association management guidelines for adult patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer: the american thyroid association guidelines task force on thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer","volume":"26","author":"Haugen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2005.0021","article-title":"National comprehensive cancer network. 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