{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T14:51:37Z","timestamp":1754146297757,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]],"date-time":"2025-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752796800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has become the main cause of end stage renal disease (ESRD) in the past decade. Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the most serious complications of diabetes. In clinical practice, the diagnosis of DKD is based primarily on clinical criteria, that is, patients almost do not undergo renal biopsy, leading to many non-diabetic kidney diseases (NDKDs) being misdiagnosed as DKD, thus increasing the incidence rate of DKD. The incidence of NDKD is also higher in those with DM. To date, few cases of minimal change disease (MCD) among those with DKD have been reported. Here, we report a case of diabetic nephropathy with pathological diagnosis, which was considered to be complicated with MCD according to the medical history, and was completely relieved after glucocorticoid treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Case description<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 49-year-old male patient with a diabetes duration of 3 years was admitted to our hospital mainly because of \u201cbilateral lower extremity edema for 1 month\u201d. The clinical manifestations were nephrotic syndrome and diabetic nephropathy, which were confirmed by renal biopsy. According to the medical history, DKD with MCD was considered. The patient received glucocorticoid for 6 months and was completely relieved of proteinuria.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Renal biopsy is helpful to differentiate diabetes with chronic kidney disease (CKD). DKD and DKD with MCD can be differentiated in the early stage of DKD but are difficult to differentiate in the late stage of DKD. In clinical practice, for such patients, we should also diagnose them carefully based on their medical history to reduce the misdiagnosis rate.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2025.1623272","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]],"date-time":"2025-07-18T04:10:25Z","timestamp":1752811825000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Diabetic nephropathy with minimal change disease: a case report"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Pengwei","family":"Miao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiuting","family":"Mo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xingkun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mianzhi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","volume-title":"IDF Diabetes Atlas","year":"2017"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.02510213","article-title":"The modern spectrum of renal biopsy findings in patients with diabetes","volume":"8","author":"Sharma","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfw070","article-title":"Renal biopsy in patients with diabetes: a pooled meta-analysis of 48 studies","volume":"32","author":"Fiorentino","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4239\/wjd.v4.i6.245","article-title":"Diabetic nephropathy: Is it time yet for routine kidney biopsy","volume":"4","author":"Gonzalez Suarez","year":"2013","journal-title":"World J Diabetes"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196907242810401","article-title":"The nephrotic syndrome in children with diabetes mellitus of recent onset","volume":"281","author":"Urizar","year":"1969","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-002-0837-y","article-title":"Management of steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome in children with type 1 diabetes","volume":"17","author":"Goldman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1100\/tsw.2005.106","article-title":"The diagnosis of minimal change disease in diabetic nephropathy","volume":"5","author":"Stokes","year":"2011","journal-title":"Scientificworldjournal"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1159\/000505624","article-title":"The value of renal biopsy in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Singapore over the past two decades","volume":"6","author":"Woo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Kidney Dis (Basel)"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.4103\/wjtcm.wjtcm_41_19","article-title":"Network meta-analysis of four chinese patent medicines combined with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers in early diabetic nephropathy treatment","volume":"6","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"World J Traditional Chin Med"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fendo.2025.1623272\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]],"date-time":"2025-07-18T04:10:25Z","timestamp":1752811825000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fendo.2025.1623272\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]]},"references-count":9,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fendo.2025.1623272"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2025.1623272","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-2392"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-2392","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]]},"article-number":"1623272"}}