{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T03:43:29Z","timestamp":1790912609927,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]],"date-time":"2026-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769385600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To explore the correlation between serum uric acid (SUA) levels and the risk of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and to evaluate the potential clinical implications of uric acid-lowering interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Relevant studies on the relationship between serum uric acid levels and the risk of DKD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were collected by systematically searching databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Cochrane risk-of-bias assessment tool, and Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. The primary outcome indicators included the incidence of DKD, the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of the relationship between serum uric acid levels and the risk of DKD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      After retrieval and screening, 8 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) (with a sample size of 491) were included in the Meta-analysis. The results showed that the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in the hyperuricemia group was lower than that in the normal group (MD = 4.40, 95% CI [0.66, 8.14],\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.02), with low heterogeneity; the risk of DKD was significantly increased (OR = 1.85, 95% CI [1.52, 2.26],\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt;0.001), with moderate heterogeneity (I\u00b2=49%). Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these findings, though the limited sample size and moderate heterogeneity suggest caution in generalizing the results.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Elevated serum uric acid levels are significantly associated with an increased risk of DKD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Monitoring serum uric acid levels may help to identify high-risk individuals for DKD at an early stage and provide a reference for clinical intervention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2025.1651446","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]],"date-time":"2026-01-26T05:40:15Z","timestamp":1769406015000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["A meta-analysis of serum uric acid and diabetic nephropathy risk in type 2 diabetes"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology & Hemodialysis Center, Xi\u2019an Ninth Hospital","place":["Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingzhu","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology-Unit 1, Xi\u2019an Ninth 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