{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T05:52:35Z","timestamp":1764049955064,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764028800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An increasing trend in the prevalence of thyroid nodules has highlighted whether thyroid nodules are related to the level of iodine nutrition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This 1:1 matched case-control study was conducted to investigate whether thyroid nodules are related to the level of iodine nutrition. The residents who had lived there for more than 5 years with thyroid nodules composed the case group. All the subjects completed questionnaires, and blood and urine samples were collected.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The MUI of the case group in areas with more than adequate iodine intake was lower than that of the control group (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt;0.05); only the level of Tg in the case group was higher than that in the control group in areas with adequate iodine intake (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt;0.05). The conditional logistic regression model revealed that there were significant correlations between a history of thyroid disorders, Tg, TgAb, and thyroid nodules.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In areas with more than adequate iodine intake, a slight increase in urinary iodine may be associated with a lower risk of thyroid nodules. A history of thyroid disorders and increased Tg and TgAb levels are risk factors for thyroid nodules. Tg level detection has certain diagnostic value in distinguishing thyroid nodules.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2025.1685719","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T05:11:12Z","timestamp":1764047472000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Relationship between thyroid nodules and iodine nutritional status, thyroglobulin (Tg), and other influencing factors: a 1:1 matched case-control study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Qingying","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lijin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diqun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiani","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qingdong","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanqing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhihui","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhua","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114516004347","article-title":"Iodine intakes and status in Irish adults is there cause for concern","volume":"117","author":"McNulty","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1186\/s12937-021-00676-7","article-title":"Iodine status five years after the adjustment of universal salt iodization: a cross-sectional study in Fujian Province, China","volume":"20","author":"Lin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutr J"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1186\/s12986-022-00656-6","article-title":"Is the urinary iodine\/creatinine ratio applicable to assess short term individual iodine status in Chinese adults? 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