{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T17:49:15Z","timestamp":1790790555851,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768262400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to investigate age-related variations in baseline characteristics and reproductive outcomes among women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A secondary analysis of the PCOSAct trial included 936 participants stratified into four age groups: 20\u201324, 25\u201329, 30\u201334, and 35\u201340 years. Differences in anthropometric measures, sex hormones, metabolic parameters, and pregnancy outcomes were analyzed using correlation and multiple logistic regression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>With increasing age, linear trends revealed increases in hirsutism score, systolic blood pressure, triglycerides, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, and atherogenic indices (P-trend&amp;lt;0.05). Conversely, luteinizing hormone (LH), LH\/FSH ratio, total testosterone, free testosterone, anti-M\u00fcllerian hormone (AMH), and HDL levels decreased (P-trend&amp;lt;0.05). Age independently correlated with these metabolic and endocrine shifts (all P&amp;lt;0.05). Advanced age was associated with higher ovulation induction success (adjusted OR = 1.058, 95% CI:1.006\u20131.114, P = 0.030) but also an increased risk of first-trimester threatened abortion (adjusted OR = 1.11, 95% CI:1.009\u20131.210, P = 0.031). No significant associations were observed with clinical pregnancy or live birth.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The clinical presentation of PCOS evolves significantly with advancing age. It is typically characterized by a shift from a state of hyperandrogenism and reproductive abnormalities in younger women to a profile increasingly dominated by progressive metabolic disturbances and cardiovascular risks in later years. Although ovulation response improves in older patients, they face a higher risk of early pregnancy loss. This underscores the necessity of implementing age-stratified clinical management for individuals with PCOS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2025.1697014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T05:13:10Z","timestamp":1768281190000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The impact of age on clinical features and fertility outcomes in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: a secondary analysis based on the PCOSAct trial"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Fengjuan","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Harbin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine","place":["Hangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaxing","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Harbin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine","place":["Hangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hang","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine","place":["Hangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baichao","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Harbin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muxin","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Harbin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongli","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Harbin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Harbin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Cong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Harbin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive Medicine Center, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital","place":["Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Conghui","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Urology Department, Xuzhou Central Hospital Southeast University","place":["Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingshu","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Harbin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoke","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine","place":["Hangzhou, China"]},{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Harbin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2018.05.004","article-title":"International PCOS Network. 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