{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,19]],"date-time":"2026-07-19T07:35:21Z","timestamp":1784446521389,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762905600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82470389"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82470389"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to investigate the relationship between the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (NLR) and the risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in the patients with diabetic foot ulcer (DFU).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective study enrolled 688 patients with DFU who were admitted to Air Force Medical Center between January 2010 and December 2023. To control for potential confounding effects, a 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) method was applied. The relationship between NLR and SCD risk was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier (K-M) survival curve analysis, multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression model, Restricted cubic spline (RCS) model analysis and subgroup analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Over a median follow-up period of 61 months, 38 cases of SCD were documented. Based on median NLR, participants were stratified into lower (&amp;lt;4.22) and higher (\u22654.22) NLR groups. Cox proportional hazard model revealed that individuals with higher NLR was independently associated with the increased risk of SCD (HR: 3.64, 95% CI: 1.21 ~ 10.91, P=0.021). RCS model showed that SCD risk was non-linearly correlated with gradual increases in NLR levels. Subgroup analyses confirmed the stability of the results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Elevated NLR independently confers an increased risk for SCD in individuals with DFU.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2025.1697718","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T05:19:45Z","timestamp":1762924785000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Association of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio with sudden cardiac death in the patients with diabetic foot ulcer"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Yi","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Air Force Medical Center","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"name":"Graduate School of China Medical University","place":["Shenyang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junyan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Air Force Medical Center","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuchen","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Air Force Medical Center","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhongjing","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Air Force Medical Center","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caizhe","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Air Force Medical Center","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Di","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Air Force Medical Center","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)30058-2","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes","volume":"389","author":"Chatterjee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)02317-1","article-title":"Worldwide trends in diabetes prevalence and treatment from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 1108 population-representative studies with 141 million participants","volume":"404","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.293.2.217","article-title":"Preventing foot ulcers in patients with diabetes","volume":"293","author":"Singh","year":"2005","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9136(199807)15:7&lt;539::AID-DIA668<3.0.CO;2-S","article-title":"Definition, diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus and its complications. 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