{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T02:09:20Z","timestamp":1793758160432,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760400000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004763","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004763","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>The interaction between bone and muscle was traditionally considered to be mechanical. However, recent insights into the endocrine functions of these two tissues have led to an emerging concept that bone-muscle biochemical crosstalk occurs through soluble factors. In light of the identification of novel bone-derived factors in recent years, more focus has been shifted to the role of bone in this partnership. Primary factors identified include osteocalcin (Ocn), fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), sclerostin (Sost), prostaglandin E2 (PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>), fibroblast growth factor 9 (FGF9), Wnt3a, and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-\u03b2). This review aims to summarize the current knowledge regarding the influence of bone-derived factors on muscle function. A comprehensive understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying bone-muscle communication may facilitate the identification of potential therapeutic strategies for the twin diseases of osteoporosis and sarcopenia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2025.1702104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T04:16:01Z","timestamp":1760415361000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The role of bone-derived factors in bone and muscle communication"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Guobin","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingyan","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shibin","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3562","DOI":"10.1080\/15384101.2019.1691796","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor 9 (FGF9) inhibits myogenic differentiation of C2C12 and human muscle cells","volume":"18","author":"Huang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Cycle"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2018.11.002","article-title":"Use it or lose it to age: A review of bone and muscle communication","volume":"120","author":"Bonewald","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914-017-0344-5","article-title":"The role of TGF\u03b2 in bone-muscle crosstalk","volume":"15","author":"Regan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Osteoporos Rep"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.02.043","article-title":"Bone and muscle endocrine functions: unexpected paradigms of inter-organ communication","volume":"164","author":"Karsenty","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22203\/eCM.v048a07","article-title":"Muscle-bone crosstalk: involvement of myokines in the regulation of osteoporosis","volume":"48","author":"Zhao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur Cells Mater"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2023.10.013","article-title":"Skeletal muscle-derived extracellular vesicles transport glycolytic enzymes to mediate muscle-to-bone crosstalk","volume":"35","author":"Ma","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines9010071","article-title":"Identification of sclerostin as a putative new myokine involved in the muscle-to-bone crosstalk","volume":"9","author":"Magar\u00f2","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2015.05.023","article-title":"BMPs and the muscle-bone connection","volume":"80","author":"Sartori","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2015.02.010","article-title":"Bone and muscle: Interactions beyond mechanical","volume":"80","author":"Brotto","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1969","article-title":"Bone and skeletal muscle: neighbors with close ties","volume":"28","author":"DiGirolamo","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2015.10.017","article-title":"Muscle-bone interactions: From experimental models to the clinic? 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