{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T06:27:22Z","timestamp":1772000842434,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771977600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate mortality and risk factors in moderate-to-severe diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) hospitalized patients and develop a prognostic tool.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cohort study enrolled 485 eligible DFU patients (2009-2014), followed through 2024. Mortality was analyzed using Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier methods, focusing on peripheral artery disease (PAD) and other risk factors (p&amp;lt;0.05). A nomogram predicting 3-year mortality was developed based on multivariate Cox analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The 3-year all-cause mortality rate in this cohort of 485 diabetic foot ulcer patients was 49.3%. The two most salient predictors of mortality were renal impairment and PAD severity. Patients requiring dialysis had a 3.05-fold increased risk of death, while the risk escalated sharply with PAD severity, reaching a 3.57-fold increase for severe PAD. The prognostic nomogram, which integrated these key factors, demonstrated strong predictive accuracy for 3-year survival, with a C-index of 0.79 and a 3-year AUC of 0.87.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hospitalized patients with moderate-to-severe diabetic foot show high mortality, predominantly associated with dialysis, CKD, and PAD. The developed nomogram effectively predicts 3-year mortality risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2026.1688571","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T05:33:40Z","timestamp":1771997620000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Mortality predictors and survival nomogram for hospitalized diabetic foot patients: a decade-long cohort"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Jiacheng","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianyuan","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Shanghai Yuanyang Hospital","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junyi","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Shanghai Yuanyang Hospital","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huili","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Shanghai Yuanyang Hospital","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xueming","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Shanghai Yuanyang Hospital","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Shanghai Yuanyang Hospital","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhengyi","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Shanghai Yuanyang Hospital","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weiqing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1615439","article-title":"Diabetic foot ulcers and their recurrence","volume":"376","author":"Armstrong","year":"2017","journal-title":"N 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