{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T08:05:37Z","timestamp":1770883537663,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770854400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010096","name":"Southern Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010096","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Diabetes has become one of the most serious and prevalent chronic diseases, and its cardiovascular complications are responsible for over 50% of diabetes-related deaths. However, the relationships between uric acid (UA) and C-peptide on arterial stiffness (AS) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are still poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate the associations between UA and C-peptide with AS in T2DM patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this cross-sectional study of 1,715 participants with T2DM, we recorded levels of fasting UA, C-peptide, and other characteristics. Elevated AS was defined as a brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) of \u22651,400 cm\/s. Logistic regression and a restricted cubic spline (RCS) model were employed to assess the associations of UA and C-peptide with AS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Fasting UA and C-peptide levels were independently and significantly associated with elevated AS in patients with T2DM, as determined by multivariate analyses (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.05). Notably, RCS analyses revealed nonlinear relationships with threshold effects between fasting UA, C-peptide, and elevated AS (P for nonlinearity &amp;lt; 0.05). Compared to patients with C-peptide levels &amp;lt; 0.580 \u03bcg\/L, those with levels \u2265 0.580 \u03bcg\/L had an approximately 87% relatively higher odds of elevated AS (OR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.32, 2.65).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The elevated AS odds in patients with T2DM were nonlinearly associated with the levels of serum fasting UA and C-peptide.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2026.1700359","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T07:15:38Z","timestamp":1770880538000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Nonlinear association of serum uric acid and C-peptide with arterial stiffness in patients with type 2 diabetes: a real-world study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Youming","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Second Medical College","place":["Karamay, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yufeng","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Key Laboratory of Human Microbiome and Chronic Diseases (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mengqi","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Second Medical College","place":["Karamay, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ke","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Shunde","place":["Foshan, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lixin","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Shunde","place":["Foshan, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jingbin","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, The First People's Hospital of 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