{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T17:16:16Z","timestamp":1788369376112,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772582400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare and rank the effects of different mind\u2013body exercise interventions on psychological and physical outcomes in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus using a network meta-analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, and conducted a frequentist network meta-analysis using Stata with SUCRA-based ranking; risk of bias was assessed using RoB 2.0, certainty of evidence evaluated with CINeMA, and robustness examined through sensitivity analyses and publication bias assessment using funnel plots.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study provides preliminary, outcome-specific evidence based on 13 randomized controlled trials involving over 500 individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Network meta-analysis suggested that Pilates significantly improved balance ability (SMD = 1.52, 95% CI 0.77\u20132.28) and walking ability (SMD = 1.20, 95% CI 0.28\u20132.12) compared with control. Walking Meditation showed a favorable effect on aerobic capacity (SMD = 1.40, 95% CI 0.44\u20132.37), while yoga improved muscle strength (SMD = 0.79, 95% CI 0.26\u20131.33). Mindfulness-based interventions were associated with reduced anxiety (SMD = 1.05, 95% CI 0.46\u20131.63). Sensitivity analyses indicated that physical function outcomes were generally robust, whereas psychological outcomes were sensitive to influential studies. The certainty of evidence was predominantly very low according to CINeMA assessment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This network meta-analysis provides preliminary, outcome-specific evidence that mind\u2013body exercise may improve physical function in type 2 diabetes, while effects on psychological outcomes remain uncertain and warrant further high-quality research.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Systematic Review Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link>https:\/\/www.crd.york.ac.uk\/prospero\/<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      , identifier CRD420251133289.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2026.1749651","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T05:42:42Z","timestamp":1772602962000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Mind\u2013body exercise for improving balance, aerobic capacity, walking ability, muscle strength, and mental health in patients with type 2 diabetes: a network meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Fuwei","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Physical Education, Myongji University","place":["Yongin, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanling","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Education, Shandong Sport University","place":["Jinan, Shandong, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingchun","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Education, University of Jinan","place":["Jinan, Shandong, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chinese Medicine, Shangrao Guangxin District People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Shangrao, Jiangxi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.52.1.102","article-title":"Beta-cell deficit and increased beta-cell apoptosis in humans with type 2 diabetes","volume":"52","author":"Butler","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2012.02.010","article-title":"Diabetes mellitus and the \u03b2 cell: the last ten years","volume":"148","author":"Ashcroft","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfaf177","article-title":"IDF Diabetes Atlas 11th edition 2025: global prevalence and projections for 2050","volume":"41","author":"Duncan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nephrol Dialysis Transplant"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33590\/emjdiabet\/20-00174","article-title":"Psychological aspects of diabetes","volume":"8","author":"Bhat","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2014.203","article-title":"Diabetes mellitus and severe mental illness: mechanisms and clinical implications","volume":"11","author":"Holt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-020-0334-z","article-title":"Young-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus - 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