{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T20:17:55Z","timestamp":1792181875955,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100016308","name":"Wuxi Health and Family Planning Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["M202217, M202529"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M202217, M202529"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100016308","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008109","name":"Wuxi Municipal Bureau on Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008109","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017962","name":"Jiangsu Commission of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017962","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017837","name":"Wuxi Science and Technology Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017837","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016105","name":"Project on Maternal and Child Health Talents of Jiangsu Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016105","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This multicenter retrospective cohort study investigates the association between in vitro fertilization (IVF) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk across demographic subgroups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using clinical data from 61,329 pregnant women (3,902 IVF-conceived; 57,427 naturally conceived) across three tertiary hospitals in China, we compared GDM incidence diagnosed through standardized oral glucose tolerance tests (24-28 gestational weeks).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The IVF group exhibited significantly higher GDM incidence (17.32% vs. 12.91%, p&amp;lt;0.001). The analysis adjusted for  age, parity, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), family history of DM, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and creatinine revealed IVF-conceived pregnancies had 15% elevated GDM risk. Subgroup analyses demonstrated heightened IVF-associated GDM risk in women aged &amp;lt;35 years, those with pre-pregnancy BMI &amp;lt;24 kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      , and primiparous women. No significant associations were observed in older women (\u226535 years), individuals with BMI \u226524 kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      , or multiparous women.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings identify IVF as an independent GDM risk factor, particularly in younger, leaner, and first-time mothers. The results underscore the importance of stratified prenatal monitoring and mechanistic investigations into fertility treatments\u2019 metabolic impacts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2026.1754140","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T05:37:40Z","timestamp":1773207460000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Association between In Vitro fertilization and gestational diabetes mellitus: a multicenter cohort study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Ping","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Reproductive Medicine, Women\u2019s Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital","place":["Wuxi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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